Spiraea splendens |
Spiraea japonica |
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mountain spiraea, rose meadowsweet, rosy spiraea, subalpine spiraea, subalpine spirea |
fortune meadowsweet, fortune spirea, Japanese meadowsweet, Japanese spiraea |
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Habit | Shrubs, 2–10 dm. | Shrubs, 10–15 dm, not rhizomatous. | ||||
Stems | spreading to ascending, branched. |
erect, branched. |
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Leaves | petiole 1–4 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 1–4 × 1–2(–3) cm, chartaceous, base usually obtuse, sometimes acute, margins crenate to serrate distally from middle, venation pinnate craspedodromous, secondary veins prominent, apex usually obtuse, sometimes acute, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulent, adaxial glabrous. |
petiole 2–7 mm; blade ovate to lanceolate, 5–10 × 2–4 cm, membranous, base cuneate, margins sharply doubly serrate, number of primary and secondary serrations 3–5 times number of secondary veins (excluding inter-secondary veins), venation pinnate simple craspedodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute, abaxial surface pubescent, adaxial glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | mostly terminal, corymbiform or hemispheric panicles, 100–1000+-flowered, 2–4 × 2–4 cm height 0.8–1 times diam.; branches glabrous or puberulent. |
mostly terminal, corymbiform, 5–8 × 5–15 cm; branches finely villous. |
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Pedicels | 1–3(–5) mm, glabrous or puberulent. |
4–6 mm, finely villous. |
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Flowers | 2–4 mm diam.; hypanthia hemispheric, 0.5–1.1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or pubescent, adaxial pubescent; sepals triangular, 0.8–1 mm; petals light to dark pink, ovate to obovate, 1–2.5 mm, veins prominent; staminodes 5–10, reduced, fused, appearing as scalloped ring; stamens 35–40, 2 times petal length. |
4–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1–1.2 mm, abaxial surface strigose, adaxial pubescent; sepals triangular, 1–1.3 mm; petals light to dark pink, obovate, 1–1.5 mm; staminodes 0; stamens 25–30, 2 times petal length. |
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Follicles | oblanceoloid, 2–3 mm, shiny, glabrous, adaxial suture sparsely ciliate. |
oblanceoloid, 2–3 mm, glabrous, adaxial suture glabrous or ciliate. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Spiraea splendens |
Spiraea japonica |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jun–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Wet meadows, riparian zones | |||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC
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CA; CT; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; UT; VA; WI; WV; NS; ON; Asia (China, Japan, Korea) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in w, c, Europe]
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The name Spiraea densiflora Nuttall ex Rydberg subsp. splendens (É. N. Baumann ex K. Koch) Abrams, which pertains here, is incorrect in relation to the priority of S. splendens (1875) over S. densiflora, which is an illegitimate name with no priority. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Spiraea japonica is currently recognized as having eight varieties (Zhang Zhao Y. et al. 2002, 2006; Lu L. T. and C. Alexander 2003) and has been the source of many hybrids and cultivars that have been popular for gardens in temperate zones around the world. Various varieties or cultivars of Spiraea japonica have become noxious weeds, primarily in wet sites and riparian areas. In Tennessee, S. japonica is ranked as a significant threat to native species by the Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Council (2009); it is noted as a threat to S. virginiana through competition in the riparian zone (D. W. Ogle 1992). One cultivar that is noted as having established populations is Spiraea ×bumalda Burvenich, which has been considered to be a hybrid of S. albiflora Miquel and S. japonica (B. A. E. Koehne 1893; L. H. Bailey et al. 1949; A. J. Rehder 1927; A. Huxley et al. 1992). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 405. | FNA vol. 9, p. 410. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | S. callosa, S. fortunei, S. japonica var. fortunei | |||||
Name authority | E. N. Baumann ex K. Koch: Monatsschr. Vereines Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 18: 294. (1875) | Linnaeus f.: Suppl. Pl., 262. (1782) | ||||
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