Spiraea prunifolia |
Rosaceae tribe Spiraeeae |
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bridal-wreath spiraea, bridalwreath meadowsweet, bridalwreath spirea |
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Habit | Shrubs, 10–30 dm. | Shrubs, subshrubs, or herbs, perennial (Aruncus); unarmed. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect, virgate, branched. |
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Leaves | petiole 1–4 mm, pubescent; blade usually ovate to elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, 1–4(–5) × 1–2 cm, membranous, base obtuse, margins serrulate, usually from near base to apex, sometimes only distally from middle, rarely nearly entire with few teeth apically, venation pinnate cladodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface lanate to glabrescent, adaxial glabrate. |
alternate, simple or pinnately compound; stipules absent; venation pinnate, sometimes palmate. |
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Inflorescences | mostly axillary, usually hemispheric panicles, sometimes simple fascicles, 3–6-flowered, sessile, 2–3 × 1–3 cm; bractlets 3–7 × 3–5 mm; branches pubescent. |
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Pedicels | 10–30 mm, pubescent. |
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Flowers | 5–15 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1–1.2 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely hairy, adaxial glabrous; sepals ovate to ovate-triangular, 1–3 mm; petals white to cream, often with more than a single whorl of petals in most commonly escaped form, ovate to obovate, 2–10 mm; staminodes 10–16, irregularly fused; stamens 20–25, 0.5 times petal length. |
perianth and androecium perigynous; epicalyx bractlets absent or present; hypanthium shallowly bowl-shaped, hemispheric, campanulate, patelliform, +/- crateriform, or turbinate; torus absent, minute, or thickened; carpels 3–5(or 6)[–8], distinct, free or adnate to hypanthium base, styles +/- terminal, distinct; ovules 2–5, apical, collateral or clustered. |
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Fruits | aggregated follicles or achenes (Holodiscus); styles deciduous or persistent, not elongate. |
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Follicles | oblanceoloid, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous, adaxial suture sparsely hairy. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Spiraea prunifolia |
Rosaceae tribe Spiraeeae |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug; fruiting May–Nov. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Abandoned homesteads, roadsides, meadows, riparian zones | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; WV; NS; ON; Asia (China, Japan, Korea) [Introduced in North America]
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; Eurasia [Introduced widely] |
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Discussion | Spiraea prunifolia is an ornamental shrub that can be found established in many areas. The double-flowered variant (most common in cultivation) may be assigned to var. prunifolia; single-flowered forms may be assigned to three other varieties [see Lu L. T. and C. Alexander (2003) for a key to native varieties in China]. L. H. Bailey et al. (1949), W. J. Bean (1970–1988, vol. 4), H. S. Maxwell and S. G. Knees (1989), A. Huxley et al. (1992, vol. 4), and references therein provide useful additional information on variation in S. prunifolia. M. De Cleene and J. De Ley (1981) noted that S. prunifolia and S. ×vanhouttei (see discussion below) are hosts to infectious hairy-root. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 8, species ca. 130 (6 genera, 25 species, including 3 hybrids, in the flora). The two genera not present in North America north of Mexico are the southeastern European-western Asian Sibiraea Maximowicz (five species) and the Mexican Xerospiraea J. Henrickson (one species). The base chromosome number for Spiraeeae is x = 9. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 408. | FNA vol. 9, p. 398. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Siebold & Zuccarini: Fl. Jap. 1: 131, plate 70. (1840) | de Candolle: in A. P de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, in A. Pde Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 541. (1825) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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