Spiraea douglasii |
Spiraea ×vanhouttei |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Douglas' spiraea, Douglas' spirea, Douglas' spirea (ssp. douglasii), hardhack, hardhack spirea, hardhack steeplebush, Menzies' spirea (ssp. menziesii), pink spirea, rose spiraea, rose spirea, spiraea, western hardhack |
bridal-wreath, spirea |
|||||||||
Habit | Shrubs, 10–30 dm. | Shrubs, 10–20(–25) dm, not rhizomatous. | ||||||||
Stems | erect to ascending, branched. |
arching, virgate, branched. |
||||||||
Leaves | petiole 3–5 mm; blade bicolorous, elliptic to obovate, 3–10 × 0.5–4 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate, margins serrate distally from middle, venation pinnate craspedodromous, secondary veins prominent, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface lanate to tomentose, glabrous, or pubescent, adaxial glabrous. |
petiole 2–7 mm; blade ovate or rhombic-ovate to obovate, 3–5 × 2–3 cm, membranous, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenate to coarsely serrate on distal 1/2–3/4, irregularly doubly serrate, or, sometimes, 3–5 lobed (especially long shoot leaves), venation suprabasal actinodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
||||||||
Inflorescences | mostly terminal, conic panicles, [5–]8–25 × 3–6[–10] cm height 2–4 times diam. branches glabrous or glabrescent to tomentose. |
mostly axillary (borne profusely along branches), corymbiform or hemispheric panicles, 3–6 × 3–6 cm; branches glabrous. |
||||||||
Pedicels | 1–3 mm, glabrous or tomentose. |
5–10 mm, glabrous. |
||||||||
Flowers | 2–4 mm diam.; hypanthia hemispheric, 1 mm, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial glabrous; sepals ovate, 1 mm; petals light to dark pink, ovate to obovate, 1–2 mm; staminodes 0; stamens 25–35, 2–3 times petal length. |
7–10 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1–1.5 mm, surfaces glabrous; sepals triangular, 1–1.5 mm; petals white to cream, orbiculate, 2–3 mm; staminodes 10–16, mostly distinct; stamens 20–25, 0.5 times petal length. |
||||||||
Follicles | oblanceoloid, 2.5–3 mm, shiny, glabrous, adaxial suture sometimes ciliate. |
falcate, 2–3 mm, glabrous. |
||||||||
Spiraea douglasii |
Spiraea ×vanhouttei |
|||||||||
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jun–Oct. | |||||||||
Habitat | Old homesteads, pastures, roadsides, railways | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; OR; WA; BC [Introduced in Europe]
|
AR; CO; CT; IL; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NM; NY; OH; PA; UT; VA; WA; WV; NS; ON; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
||||||||
Discussion | Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). Spiraea douglasii has been popular in the garden trade and was used to develop a number of hybrids. In North America, the hybrid most likely to be encountered is S. ×billardii Hortus ex K. Koch, because the parental species are both native, although S. salicifolia was widely imported from Europe and thus S. ×pseudosalicifolia Silverside would also likely be encountered. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Spiraea ×vanhouttei is widely planted as an ornamental near homes and along broadways. Concerning the potential for threat as an invasive or weedy species, R. B. Kaul (pers. comm.) has observed that it may persist for decades in old hedges and ornamental plantings; he has not seen any evidence of it volunteering or naturalizing and, despite repeated searches, has never seen a seed or seedling. J. A. Harris (1917) questioned whether Spiraea ×vanhouttei had been proven to be the hybrid S. cantoniensis and S. trilobata. C. Sterling (1966) described the carpel anatomy of S. ×vanhouttei; but he did not examine the postulated parents. M. De Cleene and J. De Ley (1981) attempted to define the host range of infectious hairy-root (Agrobacterium rhizogenes) and correlate hosts with taxonomic relationships; they verified that S. prunifolia and S. ×vanhouttei are hosts to this disease but did not test other species of the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 406. | FNA vol. 9, p. 410. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | S. aquilegiifolia var. vanhouttei | |||||||||
Name authority | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 172. (1832) | Spiraea ×vanhouttei (Briot) Carrière: Rev. Hort. 48: 260. (1876) | ||||||||
Web links |
|