Spiraea corymbosa |
Spiraea ×pyramidata |
|
---|---|---|
dwarf spiraea, shinyleaf meadowsweet |
pyramid spiraea, pyramid spirea, spirea |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 3–10(–15) dm. | Shrubs, 3–15 dm. |
Stems | erect to arching, branched. |
erect to spreading, branched. |
Leaves | petiole 3–8 mm, sparsely hairy; blade ovate to elliptic or suborbiculate, 2–10 × 1–2.5 cm, coriaceous, base obtuse, rounded, or subcordate, margins irregularly, coarsely and sharply doubly serrate from midpoint to apex, teeth acute and mucronate, number of primary and secondary serrations 1 times number of secondary veins (excluding inter-secondary veins), venation pinnate cladodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, abaxial surface mostly glabrous, adaxial glabrous. |
petiole 2–5 mm; blade elliptic to obovate, 2–6(–9) × 0.5–4 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate, margins doubly serrate distally from middle, venation pinnate craspedodromous, secondary veins prominent, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface puberulent to pubescent, adaxial glabrous. |
Inflorescences | mostly terminal, corymbiform, 2–5 × 3–10 cm height 0.4–1.1 times diam.; branches rarely in axils of leaves, glabrous or glabrate. |
mostly terminal, hemispheric to obconic panicles, 5–15 × 3–10 cm height 1–1.5 times diam.; branches pubescent. |
Pedicels | 1–3 mm, glabrous or glabrate. |
1–3 mm, pubescent. |
Flowers | 4–7 mm diam.; hypanthia hemispheric, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or pubescent, adaxial glabrous; sepals triangular, 0.5–1 mm; petals chalky white to pink, orbiculate, 1.3–1.5 mm; staminodes 5–15 reduced to serrations; stamens 15–20, 2 times petal length. |
2–4 mm diam.; hypanthia hemispheric, 1 mm, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial pubescent; sepals ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm; petals white to pink, ovate to obovate, 1.5–2.5 mm; staminodes 10–15; stamens 20–30, 2 times petal length. |
Follicles | nearly fusiform, 2–3 mm, shiny, glabrous. |
oblanceoloid, 1.5–2 mm, shiny, glabrous. |
2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
Spiraea corymbosa |
Spiraea ×pyramidata |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Oct; fruiting Jun–Nov. | Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Jun–Nov. |
Habitat | Open rocky soil, rocky, lightly wooded sites, dry or fast draining slopes, rocky edges of woods | Disturbed sites, riparian zones, flood plains, scree slopes, dry canyon slopes, moist open forest and woodland edges, clearings, roadsides, railways, campsites, home or farm sites |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 200–1500 m (700–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
GA; MA; MD; NC; NJ; PA; TN; VA; WV; NS; ON [Introduced in e Europe] |
ID; MT; OR; WA; BC
|
Discussion | H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist (1963) and L. J. Uttal (1974) considered Spiraea corymbosa to be a variety of S. betulifolia. K. Sax (1936) found S. corymbosa to be a triploid with complete pollen sterility and hypothesized that it must exist as a diploid, or form viable egg cells, because it is involved in hybrids. If so, these cytological differences may be correlated with some morphological variation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Examining morphological characters of the leaf and flower, tests of pollen viability, cytological study of chromosomes, cultivation studies of seeds, cuttings, and live plants, assessment of pollinators, and controlled hybrid experiments led W. J. Hess (1969) to conclude that Spiraea ×pyramidata is a natural hybrid of S. douglasii var. menziesii and S. lucida. Hess found also that populations of S. ×pyramidata in Washington are more distinct and no introgression appeared to occur from the parental taxa; populations in British Columbia were less distinct and had more mixed populations with hybrids, parents, and probable introgressants. Hess determined that S. ×pyramidata is particularly adapted to colonization of open disturbed sites such as roadsides, railways, forest camps, and homesteads that occur in proximity to both parents. Once established, the hybrid spreads extensively by rhizomes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 403. | FNA vol. 9, p. 408. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. betulifolia var. corymbosa, S. ostryfolia, S. repens, S. sororia | S. menziesii var. pyramidata, S. tomentulosa |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Précis Découv. Somiol., 36. (1814) | Spiraea ×pyramidata Greene: Pittonia 2: 221. (1892) |
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