Sphagnum tundrae |
Sphagnum quinquefarium |
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five-rank peat-moss, sphagnum |
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Habit | Plants small to moderately robust, green to yellow green, with a brownish tinge in hummocks; forms mats and cushions. | Plants moderate-sized, typically stiff and compact, capitulum usually hemispherical; green, grayish white, pale yellow, purplish red, may have a slight metallic luster when dry. |
Stem(s) | leaves shorter than branch leaves, 0.8–1.6 mm, lingulate, hyaline cells non-septate above and commonly 1-septate below. |
leaves triangular to triangular-lingulate, 1–1.3 mm, apex acute to slightly obtuse, border broad at base (more than 0.25 width); hyaline cells narrowly rhomboid, mostly 0–1-septate and mostly efibrillose. |
Branches | short and blunt, branch leaves imbricate. |
usually strongly 5-ranked. |
Branch leaves | 0.9–2 mm, ovate, with conspicuously truncate apex, hyaline cells bulging on both surfaces, with 1–4 large circular to elliptic pores per cell on convex surface and 4–7 elliptic pores per cell on concave surface, internal commissural walls faintly papillose, cholrophyll cells elliptical to elliptical-ovate withn the broadest part typically some distance from convex surface. |
ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.1–1.5 mm, concave, straight, apex slightly involute; hyaline cells on convex surface with numerous oval to elliptic pores along commissures grading from small pores near apex to large round pores at base, concave surface with large round pores in proximal portions of leaf. |
Sexual condition | unknown. |
monoicous or dioicous. |
Spores | 19–27 µm, finely papillose on proximal surface, pusticulate on distal surface; proximal laesura less than 0.4 spore radius. |
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Branch | fascicles typically with 2 spreading and 2 hanging branches.; branch stems with single layer of cortical cells. |
fascicles with mostly 3 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches. |
Sphagnum tundrae |
Sphagnum quinquefarium |
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Phenology | Capsules mature mid summer. | |
Habitat | Forms mats and cushions in weakly minerotrophic arctic mires | Weakly minerotrophic and hygrophytic, wet mineral bedrock, damp coniferous humus along coast and in montane regions |
Elevation | low elevations | low to high elevations |
Distribution |
AK; YT; Europe |
AK; CT; GA; MA; MD; ME; MN; NC; NH; NY; PA; TN; VA; VT; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; Eurasia |
Discussion | Sphagnum tundrae can be separated from other species in sect. Squarrosa most readily by its truncate branch leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporophytes are common in Sphagnum quinquefarium. This species is usually associated with S. capillifolium, S. girgensohnii, and S. russowii. No other species of sect. Acutifolia has the combination of quinquefarious branch leaves and three spreading branches per fascicle. Sphagnum rubiginosum has three spreading branches but the branch leaves are quite unranked and its lingulate stem leaf is quite distinct from the triangular stem leaf of S. quinquefarium. See also discussion under 86. S. talbotianum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 60. | FNA vol. 27, p. 96. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. acutifolium var. quinquefarium, S. schofieldii | |
Name authority | Flatberg: Lindbergia 19: 3, figs. 1–3. (1994) | (Lindberg) Warnstorf: Hedwigia 25: 222. (1886) |
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