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sphagnum

Habit Plants small to moderately robust, green to yellow green, with a brownish tinge in hummocks; forms mats and cushions. Plants moderate-sized and weak-stemmed; in lawns and floating mats; brownish green, brown, reddish brown to chestnut-brown, often with bluish tint when dry, capitulum 5-radiate and flat-topped.
Stem(s)

leaves shorter than branch leaves, 0.8–1.6 mm, lingulate, hyaline cells non-septate above and commonly 1-septate below.

leaves lingulate-triangular to triangular-lingulate, equal to or less than 1.2 mm, more or less spreading;

apex obtuse;

hyaline cells mostly fibrillose and nonseptate.

Branches

short and blunt, branch leaves imbricate.

straight to distinctly curved, leaves becoming substantially longer at distal end of the branch.

Branch leaves

0.9–2 mm, ovate, with conspicuously truncate apex, hyaline cells bulging on both surfaces, with 1–4 large circular to elliptic pores per cell on convex surface and 4–7 elliptic pores per cell on concave surface, internal commissural walls faintly papillose, cholrophyll cells elliptical to elliptical-ovate withn the broadest part typically some distance from convex surface.

ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, straight to slightly subsecund, only slightly undulate and recurved if at all;

margin entire;

hyaline cells on convex surface with numerous small free pores, on concave surface with numerous round free pores, cells relatively short in basal region (similar to mid region); chlorophyllous cells ± triangular in transverse section, just reaching concave surface or slightly enclosed.

Sexual condition

unknown.

dioicous.

Spores

25–32 µm, finely papillose on both surfaces.

Branch

fascicles typically with 2 spreading and 2 hanging branches.;

branch stems with single layer of cortical cells.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.;

branch stems green, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.

Sphagnum tundrae

Sphagnum annulatum

Habitat Forms mats and cushions in weakly minerotrophic arctic mires Wet carpets, lawns, and mud bottoms in poor to medium fens, in mire-wide and mire-edge habitats
Elevation low elevations low to high elevations
Distribution
from FNA
AK; YT; Europe
from FNA
AK; ID; MI; MN; MT; NY; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NF; NT; ON; QC; YT; Eurasia
Discussion

Sphagnum tundrae can be separated from other species in sect. Squarrosa most readily by its truncate branch leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporophytes are rare in Sphagnum annulatum. Of the more wet-growing species, both S. cuspidatum and S. viride are typically much more green or yellow and have stem leaves with acute apices. Sphagnum jensenii is usually larger and has straight capitulum branches as opposed to the more curved branches of S. annulatum. Sphagnum majus normally has a denser and more rounded capitulum. Field experience in both Alaska and Scandanavia, where both species occur, does not support the view of H. A. Crum (1997) that S. annulatum and S. jensenii are simply ends of a continuum. Both species are usually readily separable in the field and look quite different in mixed populations. In North America at least S. annulatum is also considerably more widespread.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 27, p. 60. FNA vol. 27, p. 64.
Parent taxa Sphagnaceae > Sphagnum > sect. Squarrosa Sphagnaceae > Sphagnum > sect. Cuspidata
Sibling taxa
S. affine, S. alaskense, S. andersonianum, S. angermanicum, S. angustifolium, S. annulatum, S. aongstroemii, S. arcticum, S. atlanticum, S. austinii, S. balticum, S. bartlettianum, S. beothuk, S. bergianum, S. brevifolium, S. capillifolium, S. carolinianum, S. centrale, S. compactum, S. contortum, S. cribrosum, S. cuspidatum, S. cyclophyllum, S. fallax, S. fimbriatum, S. fitzgeraldii, S. flavicomans, S. flexuosum, S. fuscum, S. girgensohnii, S. henryense, S. imbricatum, S. inexspectatum, S. inundatum, S. isoviitae, S. jensenii, S. junghuhnianum, S. kenaiense, S. lenense, S. lescurii, S. lindbergii, S. macrophyllum, S. magellanicum, S. majus, S. mcqueenii, S. mendocinum, S. microcarpum, S. mirum, S. mississippiense, S. molle, S. obtusum, S. oregonense, S. orientale, S. pacificum, S. palustre, S. papillosum, S. perfoliatum, S. perichaetiale, S. platyphyllum, S. portoricense, S. pulchrum, S. pylaesii, S. quinquefarium, S. recurvum, S. riparium, S. rubellum, S. rubiginosum, S. rubroflexuosum, S. russowii, S. sitchense, S. splendens, S. squarrosum, S. steerei, S. strictum, S. subfulvum, S. subnitens, S. subsecundum, S. subtile, S. talbotianum, S. tenellum, S. tenerum, S. teres, S. torreyanum, S. trinitense, S. viride, S. warnstorfii, S. wilfii, S. wulfianum
S. affine, S. alaskense, S. andersonianum, S. angermanicum, S. angustifolium, S. aongstroemii, S. arcticum, S. atlanticum, S. austinii, S. balticum, S. bartlettianum, S. beothuk, S. bergianum, S. brevifolium, S. capillifolium, S. carolinianum, S. centrale, S. compactum, S. contortum, S. cribrosum, S. cuspidatum, S. cyclophyllum, S. fallax, S. fimbriatum, S. fitzgeraldii, S. flavicomans, S. flexuosum, S. fuscum, S. girgensohnii, S. henryense, S. imbricatum, S. inexspectatum, S. inundatum, S. isoviitae, S. jensenii, S. junghuhnianum, S. kenaiense, S. lenense, S. lescurii, S. lindbergii, S. macrophyllum, S. magellanicum, S. majus, S. mcqueenii, S. mendocinum, S. microcarpum, S. mirum, S. mississippiense, S. molle, S. obtusum, S. oregonense, S. orientale, S. pacificum, S. palustre, S. papillosum, S. perfoliatum, S. perichaetiale, S. platyphyllum, S. portoricense, S. pulchrum, S. pylaesii, S. quinquefarium, S. recurvum, S. riparium, S. rubellum, S. rubiginosum, S. rubroflexuosum, S. russowii, S. sitchense, S. splendens, S. squarrosum, S. steerei, S. strictum, S. subfulvum, S. subnitens, S. subsecundum, S. subtile, S. talbotianum, S. tenellum, S. tenerum, S. teres, S. torreyanum, S. trinitense, S. tundrae, S. viride, S. warnstorfii, S. wilfii, S. wulfianum
Synonyms S. jensenii var. annulatum
Name authority Flatberg: Lindbergia 19: 3, figs. 1–3. (1994) Warnstorf: Bot. Centralbl. 76: 422. (1898)
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