Flora of North America species comparison

leaves ovate-lingulate; 1–1.3 mm, apex broadly rounded;

hyaline cells nonseptate, aporose and fibrillose in at least distal half of leaf.

leaves small, 0.3–0.7 mm, triangular-lingulate with broad rounded apex, Branches short, crowded, and unranked.

2–3 spreading and 2 pendent leaves not much elongated at distal end.

ovate, 1–1.5 mm; straight;

not or weakly undulate or recurved when dry;

margins entire;

hyaline cells short and wide, convex surface with 1–3 small pores per cell and on concave surface with large round wall thinnings in the cell angles; chlorophyllous cells equilateral-triangular in transverse section, broadly exposed on convex surface and just reaching to well-enclosed on concave surface.

large, 1.4–3 mm, semi-squarrose to squarrose, ovate and abruptly involute in distal portion, appearing cucullate with toothed apex, usually no more than 6 teeth;

hyaline cells with 5 or more ringed, round to elliptical pores on convex surface, numerous pseudopores on concave surface with 3-ringed corner pores occurring in 3s at adjacent cell angles; chlorophyllous cells elliptic in transverse section, entirely included by hyaline cells, slightly nearer to convex surface.

monoicous.

monoicous.

with abundant pseudostomata.

27–42 µm;

both surfaces smooth, proximal surface with distinct bifurcated Y-mark sculpture surrounded by distinct circular border, distal surface with distinct raised border around margins;

proximal laesura usually less than 0.4 spore radius.

25–35 µm; finely papillose on proximal surface, coarsely papillose on distal surface with raised Y-mark sculpture;

proximal laesura short, 0.3–0.5 spore radius.

stems green;

cortex enlarged, with conspicuously long-necked retort cells.

fascicles 4–6 branches per fascicle, 2–3 spreading and 2–3 pendent, but plants frequently unbranched in young clones.