Flora of North America species comparison

leaves broadly lingulate-spathulate to spatulate, widest at base and/or distal third, usually narrower in the mid region, 1–1.3 mm, apex narrowly to broadly truncate and ± fimbriate-lacerate, border narrow distally and expanded proximally to 0.25 width or more;

hyaline cells efibrillose, irregularly rhombic to subquadrate, many cells 2–4-septate.

pale green;

superficial cortex of 1–2 layers of thin-walled and well differentiated cells.;

stem leaves large, ovate to oblong-ovate, ca. 2 mm, more or less spreading;

apex rounded and serrulate;

hyaline cells fibrillose and often 1–septate, convex surface generally aporose, concave surface with 1–several round pores per cell in ends and angles.

unranked.

unranked to slightly 5-ranked, often short and blunt at distal end.

ovate-lanceolate, 1.1–1.4 mm, slightly concave, straight, apex involute;

hyaline cells on convex surface grading from aporose to few small round pores near apex to numerous semi-elliptic pores along commissures in middle and base of leaf, concave surface with a few large irregular to circular pores (1–4) occupying most of the cell width.

ovate to oblong-quadrate, 1.2–2.5 mm, not undulate or recurved when dry, strongly toothed across apex and serrulate on margins;

hyaline cells with to 4 small round ringed pores at cell ends on convex surface, small round wall thinnings in the cell ends and angles on the concave surface; chlorophyllous cells trapezoidal in transverse section, more broadly exposed on the convex surface.

autoicous.

monoicous.

20–27 µm, moderately granulate-papillose on both surfaces, distinct raise Y-mark sculpture on distal surface;

proximal laesura less than or equal to 0.5 spore radius.

38–48 µm;

both surfaces covered with fine to moderately coarse papillae;

proximal laesura less than 0.4 spore radius.

fascicles with 3(4–5) spreading branches and 1–2 pendent branches.

fascicles with 1–2 spreading and 0–1 pendent branches.;

branch stems green, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.