Flora of North America species comparison

leaves lingulate-triangular to lingulate, 1–1.4 mm, apex broadly rounded but becoming acute in hemiisophyllous forms, border strongly developed at base (more than 0.25 width);

hyaline cells rhombic and 0–3-septate with some cells in leaf midregion 2–septate.

leaves similar in size to branch leaves; varying from triangular to lingulate-spatulate;

apex varying from acute and entire to very broad and lacerate;

border entire or, in one case, fimbriate;

hyaline cells rhomboid to S-shaped, non-ornamented, efibrillose or fibrillose, aporose or in hemiisophyllous forms porose, 0–2-septate, mostly resorbed on interior surface and mostly entire on exterior surface.

weakly to strongly 5-ranked.

dimorphic, spreading branches usually longer and thicker than pendent branches.

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.9–1.2 mm, concave, subsecund on some branches, apex involute;

hyaline cells on convex surface with numerous round to elliptic pores along the commissures, grading from small round pores near apex to round pores near base, on concave surface with large round pores in proximal portions of leaf.

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, margins entire or, in one case, toothed, involute near smooth apex;

hyaline cells efibrillose, non-ornamented, with round to elliptic pores along commissures on convex surface, fewer, larger and round mostly free pores on concave surface; chlorophyllous cells triangular to trapezoidal in transverse section, more broadly exposed on concave surface, end walls not thickened.

dioicous.

usually dioicous, occasionally monoicous.

equal to or less than 2 mm, with few to many pseudostomata.

18–33 µm, coarsely papillose on both surfaces;

proximal laesura less than 0.4 spore radius.

typically less than 30 µm, coarsely to finely papillose on both surfaces, may have raised surface sculpture on distal surface;

proximal laesura typically less than or equal to 0.5 spore radius.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.

fascicles with 2(–3) spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.;

branch stems green, surrounded by 1 layer of efibrillose, non-ornamented, inflated, thin-walled hyaline cells, some solitary or in groups of uniporose retort cells, with more or less conspicuous necks.