Flora of North America species comparison

leaves triangular to triangular-lingulate, 1–1.3 mm, apex acute to slightly obtuse, border broad at base (more than 0.25 width);

hyaline cells narrowly rhomboid, mostly 0–1-septate and mostly efibrillose.

leaves triangular to lingulate-triangular, 0.8–1.2 mm, mostly appressed to the stem, apex acute to apiculate, hyaline cells mostly efibrillose and nonseptate.

usually strongly 5-ranked.

straight, mostly unranked, but can be 5-ranked in wet-growing forms, leaves little elongated at distal branch ends.

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.1–1.5 mm, concave, straight, apex slightly involute;

hyaline cells on convex surface with numerous oval to elliptic pores along commissures grading from small pores near apex to large round pores at base, concave surface with large round pores in proximal portions of leaf.

ovate-lanceolate, greater than 1.2 mm, straight, undulate and sharply recurved when dry, margins entire;

hyaline cells on convex surface with usually 1 round pore per cell at apical end, on concave side with round wall thinnings in the cell ends and angles; chlorophyllous cells triangular and just reaching or slightly enclosed within the concave surface.

monoicous or dioicous.

dioicous.

19–27 µm, finely papillose on proximal surface, pusticulate on distal surface;

proximal laesura less than 0.4 spore radius.

25–31 µm;

proximal surface finely papillose, distal surface pusticulate with bifurcated Y-mark sculpture;

proximal laesura less than 0.5 spore radius.

fascicles with mostly 3 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2–3 pendent branches.;

branch stems green but proximal end sometimes red, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.