Flora of North America species comparison

leaves triangular to triangular-lingulate, 1–1.3 mm, apex acute to slightly obtuse, border broad at base (more than 0.25 width);

hyaline cells narrowly rhomboid, mostly 0–1-septate and mostly efibrillose.

leaves equilateral to isosceles-triangular, small, less than 0.8 mm, mostly appressed to stem, apex acute to obtuse, hyaline cells efibrillose and nonseptate.

usually strongly 5-ranked.

straight to slightly curved, usually 5-ranked;

leaves not much longer at distal end than proximal end.

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.1–1.5 mm, concave, straight, apex slightly involute;

hyaline cells on convex surface with numerous oval to elliptic pores along commissures grading from small pores near apex to large round pores at base, concave surface with large round pores in proximal portions of leaf.

narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm, straight, moderately undulate and recurved in larger and/or wetter grown forms, not undulate and slightly recurved in compact forms from drier sites;

margins entire;

hyaline cells on convex surface with 1(2–3) pore per cell at apical end of cell, on concave surface with round wall thinnings in cell ends and angles; chlorophyllous cells triangular in transverse section and just enclosed on concave surface.

monoicous or dioicous.

dioicous.

19–27 µm, finely papillose on proximal surface, pusticulate on distal surface;

proximal laesura less than 0.4 spore radius.

21–25 µm; coarsely papillose on proximal and distal surfaces;

proximal laesura more than 0.5 spore radius.

fascicles with mostly 3 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2–3 pendent branches.;

branch stems with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells, often pinkish red at proximal end.