Flora of North America species comparison

pale green to pale brown;

superficial cortex of weakly to moderately differentiated.;

stem leaves triangular-lingulate, 0.9–1.3 mm; usually appressed;

apex obtuse and often erose;

hyaline cells efibrillose and nonseptate.

tapering or in more robust forms, frequently blunt, straight to arcuate, leaves slightly to moderately elongated at distal end.

ovate to ovate-lanceolate; more than 1.8 mm; straight, stiff, not much undulate and reflexed to recurved;

margins entire;

hyaline cells on convex surface with a few end pores, but mostly numerous small to very small (often barely visible) pores or wall thinnings free from the commissures, on concave surface similar, but with pores generally fewer and larger; chlorophyllous cells triangular in transverse section, just reaching concave surface or slightly enclosed.

dioicous.

18–27 µm;

both surfaces covered with rough, irregular verrucate plates of papillae, bifurcated Y-mark sculpture on distal surface;

proximal laesura less than 0.5 spore radius.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2 pendent branches.;

branch stems green, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.