Flora of North America species comparison

leaves small, 0.3–0.7 mm, triangular-lingulate with broad rounded apex, Branches short, crowded, and unranked.

leaves triangular to lingulate-triangular, 0.8–1.3 mm; typically appressed;

apex acute to apiculate;

hyaline cells efibrillose and nonseptate to rarely septate.

straight and somewhat tapered, usually 5-ranked;

leaves little elongate at the distal branch end.

large, 1.4–3 mm, semi-squarrose to squarrose, ovate and abruptly involute in distal portion, appearing cucullate with toothed apex, usually no more than 6 teeth;

hyaline cells with 5 or more ringed, round to elliptical pores on convex surface, numerous pseudopores on concave surface with 3-ringed corner pores occurring in 3s at adjacent cell angles; chlorophyllous cells elliptic in transverse section, entirely included by hyaline cells, slightly nearer to convex surface.

ovate to narrowly ovate-lanceolate; (1.1–)1.4–1.8(–3.1) mm; slightly undulate and sharply recurved when dry, somewhat subsecund;

margins entire;

hyaline cells on convex surface with usually 1 round pore on apical end, on concave surface with wall thinnings in the cell ends and angles; chlorophyllous cells broadly triangular in transverse section and very deeply enclosed on the concave surface.

monoicous.

dioicous.

with abundant pseudostomata.

25–35 µm; finely papillose on proximal surface, coarsely papillose on distal surface with raised Y-mark sculpture;

proximal laesura short, 0.3–0.5 spore radius.

19–25 µm; finely papillose on both surfaces.

fascicles 4–6 branches per fascicle, 2–3 spreading and 2–3 pendent, but plants frequently unbranched in young clones.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2–3 pendent branches.;

branch stems green but often reddish at proximal end, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.