Flora of North America species comparison

green to red;

superficial cortical cells aporose Stem leaves lingulate-triangular, 1.2–1.6(–1.8) mm, apex ± involute;

border entire and broadened to about 0.25 the width of the base;

hyaline cells S-shaped, 0–1-septate, usually fibrillose in distal portion of leaf.

leaves ovate-lingulate; 1–1.3 mm, apex broadly rounded;

hyaline cells nonseptate, aporose and fibrillose in at least distal half of leaf.

not 5-ranked, terete.

2–3 spreading and 2 pendent leaves not much elongated at distal end.

ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.4 mm, imbricate to moderately spreading, concave, straight, strongly involute near apex;

hyaline cells on convex surface with elliptic pores along commissures, concave surface with large round pores away from commissures in proximal portions of leaf.

ovate, 1–1.5 mm; straight;

not or weakly undulate or recurved when dry;

margins entire;

hyaline cells short and wide, convex surface with 1–3 small pores per cell and on concave surface with large round wall thinnings in the cell angles; chlorophyllous cells equilateral-triangular in transverse section, broadly exposed on convex surface and just reaching to well-enclosed on concave surface.

dioicous.

monoicous.

20–28 µm; finely papillose on both surfaces, with distinct raised Y-shaped sculpture on distal surface;

proximal laesura 0.5 spore radius or more.

27–42 µm;

both surfaces smooth, proximal surface with distinct bifurcated Y-mark sculpture surrounded by distinct circular border, distal surface with distinct raised border around margins;

proximal laesura usually less than 0.4 spore radius.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 1–2 pendent branches.

stems green;

cortex enlarged, with conspicuously long-necked retort cells.