Sphagnum balticum |
Sphagnum trinitense |
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Baltic peat-moss, Baltic sphagnum |
Trinity sphagnum |
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Habit | Plants small to moderate-sized, soft and ± weak-stemmed; brownish green, yellow-green, yellowish to golden brown, capitulum typically flat and 5-radiate. | Plants moderate-sized, slender and weak-stemmed, green to pale yellow; flaccid and plumose in aquatic forms to more compact and sprawling in emergent forms; green to pale yellow; capitulum not especially enlarged and differentiated. |
Stem(s) | leaves 0.8–1.1 mm, triangular-lingulate to lingulate, concave, spreading, apex broadly obtuse, hyaline cells fibrillose in apical region. |
leaves ovate-triangular to triangular, 1–1.6 mm; appressed to spreading; apex acute to slightly obtuse; hyaline cells often fibrillose and often 1-septate. |
Branches | slender and tapering, often 5-ranked and decurved, leaves somewhat elongated at distal end. |
straight and unranked, in capitulum tapering at distal end to a point, leaves greatly elongated at distal end. |
Branch leaves | ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.7 mm, straight, slightly undulate and spreading; margin entire, hyaline cells on convex surface with 1–5 pores in cell ends and free near apex, on concave surface with round wall thinnings in cell ends and angles; chlorophyllous cells triangular in transverse section and well-enclosed on concave surface. |
ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2–3.5 mm; straight, undulate and slightly recurved when dry; margin serrulate; hyaline cells on convex surface with 0–1 small pores at cell apex on concave surface with round wall thinnings in cell angles (often indistinct or lacking); chlorophyllous cells trapezoidal in transverse section and exposed more broadly on the convex surface. |
Sexual condition | dioicous. |
monoicous. |
Spores | 25–33 µm; smooth to finely papillose on both surfaces; proximal laesura approximately 0.5 spore radius. |
26–40 µm; ± roughly to densely granulose. |
Branch | fascicles with 2 spreading and mostly 1 pendent branch.; branch stem green, cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells. |
stems green, cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells. |
Sphagnum balticum |
Sphagnum trinitense |
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Phenology | Capsules mature early to mid summer. | |
Habitat | Abundant in hollows and floating mats in raised bogs and poor fens | Submersed or stranded at edge of shallow, acidic pond, lakes, and roadside ditches, mostly in sandy areas of the Atlantic coastal plain |
Elevation | low to high elevations | low to moderate elevations |
Distribution |
AK; CO; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT; Greenland; Eurasia |
DE; FL; GA; IL; KS; LA; MA; MD; NC; NJ; NY; PA; SC; VA; South America |
Discussion | Unlike Sphagnum angustifolium and S. annulatum, S. balticum has stem leaves exerted at right angles to the stem. It also has fewer and weaker hanging branches than does S. angustifolium, which make the stem itself often visible and the stem leaves easier to see. Sphagnum balticum also lacks the paired pendent branch buds between the capitulum rays as seen in S. angustifolium. In Sphagnum kenaiense there are sometimes spreading stem leaves but this species has 2 hanging branches per fascicle. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporophytes are common in Sphagnum trinitense, which can often be distinguished from S. cuspidatum in the field by the appearance of its branches when wet. In this state the branches of S. trinitense just below the capitulum resemble a fine paintbrush drawn out to a pointed tip. See also discussion under 29. S. fitzgeraldii and 39. S. mississippiense. Spore features are taken from H. A. Crum (1984). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 65. | FNA vol. 27, p. 77. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. recurvum subsp. balticum | S. cuspidatum var. serratum, S. cuspidatum var. serrulatum, S. helleri, S. laxifolium var. serrulatum, S. serratum |
Name authority | (Russow) C. E. O. Jensen: in Botaniske Forening København, Festskrift, 100. (1890) | Müller Hal.: Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 102. (1848) |
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