Flora of North America species comparison

leaves triangular, large, less than 1.7 mm, mostly appressed to stem, apex weakly apiculate to narrowly obtuse;

hyaline cells efibrillose and seldom to often septate at base and sides.

leaves triangular-ovate, more than 1.2 mm, usually appressed;

apex acute to apiculate, hyaline cells rarely septate or porose, apical region often fibrillose.

unranked, long and tapering, leaves greatly elongate at distal end.

mostly unranked to weakly 5-ranked, often conspicuously falcate, leaves greatly elongated at distal end.

ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate in aquatic forms, ovate to ovate-lanceolate in emergent forms, greater than 2.5 mm, often falcate-secund, especially in submerged forms, weakly undulate and recurved when dry;

margin entire, hyaline cells on convex surface with 0–1 pores per cell, concave surface with round wall thinnings in the cell apices and angles; chlorophyllous cells narrowly triangular in transverse section and well-enclosed on the concave surface.

ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1.6–5 mm, falcate toward branch tips, when dry often undulate and recurved, rarely weakly serrulate along the margins in submerged forms, leaves from middle of spreading branches with length to width ratio less than or equal to 1:0.28;

hyaline cells length to width ratio in apical convex surface region 8:1 or more, convex surface with 0–1 small round pores at apex, concave surface with faint round wall thinnings in cell apices and angles; chlorophyllous cells triangular to trapezoidal in transverse section, broadly exposed on the convex surface and exposed slightly on the concave surface.

dioicous.

dioicous.

29–38 µm; covered with large papillae on both surfaces, appearing pusticulate;

proximal laesura less than 0.5 spore radius.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2 pendent branches.;

branch stem green, cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.

fascicles with 2 spreading and 2–3 pendent branches.;

branch stems green, but often pinkish at the proximal ends, with cortex enlarged with conspicuous retort cells.

not seen.