Spergularia macrotheca |
Spergularia rubra |
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beach sand-spurrey, beach sand-spurry, sticky sand spurry, sticky sand-spurrey |
purple sand spurry, red sand-spurrey, red sand-spurry, spergulaire rouge |
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Habit | Plants strongly perennial with branched, woody base, stout, 5–40 cm, densely stipitate-glandular in inflorescence or throughout. | Plants annual or short-lived perennial, delicate, 4–25 cm, stipitate-glandular in inflorescence. | ||||||||
Taproots | becoming stout, woody. |
slender to ± stout. |
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Stems | erect or ascending to prostrate, usually branched proximally; main stem 0.8–3 mm diam. proximally. |
erect to ascending or prostrate, usually much-branched proximally; main stem 0.3–0.5 mm diam. proximally. |
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Leaves | stipules conspicuous, dull white to tan, narrowly triangular, 4.5–11 mm, apex long-acuminate; blade linear, (0.6–)1–5.5 cm, fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaves 1–2+ per cluster. |
stipules conspicuous, shiny white, lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm, apex long-acuminate; blade filiform to linear, 0.4–1.5 cm, scarcely fleshy, apex apiculate to spine-tipped; axillary leaves 2–4+ per cluster. |
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Pedicels | erect, divergent, or reflexed in fruit. |
ascending to reflexed. |
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Flowers | sepals connate 0.5–1.8 mm proximally, lobes often 3-veined, ovate to lanceolate, 4.5–7 mm, to 8 mm in fruit, margins 0.3–0.7 mm wide, apex blunt to rounded; petals white or pink to rosy, elliptic to obovate, 0.9–1.3 times as long as sepals in flower; stamens 9–10; styles 0.6–3 mm. |
sepals connate 0.5–0.7 mm proximally, lobes often 3-veined, lanceolate, (2–)2.5–3.2 mm, to 4 mm in fruit, margins 0.1–0.3 mm wide, apex obtuse to acute; petals pink, obovate to ovate, 0.9–1 times as long as sepals; stamens 6–10; styles 0.6–0.8 mm. |
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Capsules | tan, 4.6–10 mm, 0.8–1.4 times as long as sepals. |
greenish to tan, 3.5–5 mm, 1–1.2 times as long as sepals. |
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Seeds | ± red-brown, often with submarginal groove or depression, suborbiculate to pyriform, compressed, (0.6–)0.7–1.2 mm, smooth to faintly or prominently tuberculate or sculpturing of parallel, wavy lines or of low, rounded mounds, not papillate; wing absent or white to reddish brown proximally, 0.1–0.3 mm wide, margins irregular. |
red-brown to dark brown, with submarginal groove, broadly ovate or ± truncate, angular at broad end, plump, 0.4–0.6 mm, sculpturing of parallel, wavy lines, margins with peglike papillae (30x); wing absent. |
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Cymes | simple to 3-compound or flowers solitary and axillary. |
simple to 3+-compound or flowers solitary and axillary. |
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2n | = 18, 27, 36, 54 (all Europe). |
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Spergularia macrotheca |
Spergularia rubra |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | |||||||||
Habitat | Open forests, gravelly glades, meadows, mud flats, roadsides, disturbed places | |||||||||
Elevation | 0-2400 m (0-7900 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; including nw Mexico
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AK; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; YT; SPM; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced in South America, Australia]
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Spergularia rubra was collected in 1901 on ballast in Alabama (Mohr, DS), the only record in the southeastern United States. It is the most widely distributed Spergularia species found outside of saline areas in the flora and has been in North America since at least the 1860s. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 18. | FNA vol. 5, p. 19. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Polycarpoideae > Spergularia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Polycarpoideae > Spergularia | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Arenaria macrotheca | Arenaria rubra, Tissa rubra | ||||||||
Name authority | (Hornemann ex Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Heynhold: Alph. Aufz. Gew. 689. (1846) | (Linnaeus) J. Presl & C. Presl: Fl. ech. 94. 1819 | ||||||||
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