Sparganium angustifolium |
Sparganium androcladum |
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floating bur-reed, narrow-leaf bur-reed, rubanier à feuilles étroites |
branch bur-reed, branching bur-reed, rubanier rameux |
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Habit | Plants slender, to more than 2 m long; leaves and inflorescences usually floating. | Plants robust, to 1.2 m; leaves and inflorescences erect, emergent. |
Leaves | limp, unkeeled, flat to plano-convex, 0.2–0.8(–2.5) m × 2–5(–10) mm. |
stiff, keeled from base at least to middle, flattened distally, to 1.2 m × 5–15 mm. |
Inflorescences | rachis unbranched, flexuous, its fertile part usually erect at water surface; bracts ascending, lower bracts inflated near base; pistillate heads 2–5, at least some supra-axillary, not contiguous, sessile or most proximal peduncled (often prominently so in deeper water), 1–3 cm diam. in fruit; staminate heads (1–)2–4, contiguous and appearing as one elongate head, not contiguous with distalmost pistillate head. |
rachis (0–)1–3 branched, erect, bracts strongly ascending, not basally inflated; pistillate heads (1–)2–4 on main rachis, 0(–2) on lateral branches, axillary, not contiguous, sessile or short-peduncled, 2.5–3.5 cm diam. in fruit; staminate heads 3–8 on main rachis, 1–6 on lateral rachises, most not contiguous. |
Flowers | tepals without subapical dark spot, erose-tipped, stigma 1, lance-ovate. |
tepals often with prominent subapical dark spot, subentire to entire; stigma 1, linear. |
Fruits | reddish to brownish, dull, short-stipitate, ellipsoid to fusiform, not faceted, body constricted at equator, 3–7 mm, tapering to beak; beak straight, 1.5–2 mm; tepals attached at base, reaching about to equator. |
brown, proximally dull, distally shiny, subsessile to short-stipitate, fusiform, usually constricted near equator, body not strongly faceted, 5–7 × 2.5–3 mm, tapering to beak; beak often curved and hooked, 4–7 mm; tepals attached at base, reaching to equator or somewhat beyond. |
Seeds | 1. |
1. |
2n | = 30. |
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Sparganium angustifolium |
Sparganium androcladum |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall (Jun–Oct southwestward, Jul–Aug northward). | Flowering late spring–summer (Apr–Jul). |
Habitat | Acid, oligotrophic waters of lakes, ponds, ditches, and streams, usually in shallow waters but to 2.5 m deep | Shores and shallow, quiet, circumneutral waters |
Elevation | 0–4000 m (0–13100 ft) | 0–800 m (0–2600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NM; NV; NY; OR; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; circumboreal
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AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; TN; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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Discussion | Sparganium angustifolium is sometimes abundant, its leaves then covering the surface. It is a relatively invariable species that forms fertile hybrids with S. emersum (C. D. K. Cook and M. S. Nicholls 1986), from which it is distinguished by its contiguous staminate heads and flat to plano-convex leaves. See the discussion under S. emersum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sparganium androcladum is less variable than the similar and more common S. americanum, from which it is distinguished by its generally larger size and more robust habit; leaves stiffer, wider, more strongly keeled; inflorescence branches usually without pistillate heads, the bracts ascending; fruiting heads larger; fruits distally shiny, the beak longer and hooked. Immature fruits of S. androcladum resemble mature fruits of S. americanum. Some specimens will not key readily to either species. The complex nomenclatural history is discussed by C. D. K. Cook and M. S. Nicholls (1987). Sparganium androcladum has an unusual, discontinuous distribution, which is wholly within the range of S. americanum, except in the central Mississippi Valley (M. L. Fernald 1922b). In the absence of convincing specimens, the presence of S. androcladum in Virginia cannot be confirmed, although E. O. Beal (1960) reported it there, and it occurs nearby in West Virginia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 22, p. 276. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Sparganiaceae > Sparganium | Sparganiaceae > Sparganium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. angustifolium var. multipedunculatum, S. emersum var. multipedunculatum, S. multipedunculatum | S. simplex var. androcladum, S. americanum var. androcladum |
Name authority | Michaux: Flora Boreali-Americana 2: 189. (1803) | (Engelmann) Morong: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 15: 78. (1888) |
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