Solidago speciosa |
Solidago bicolor |
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noble goldenrod, showy goldenrod |
silverrod, verge d'or bicolore, white goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants (30–)50–200 cm; caudices stout, woody. | Plants 20–100 cm; caudices branching. | ||||||||
Stems | 1(–5), erect, glabrous proximally to strigillose in arrays. |
1(–5), erect, usually branching only in array, moderately to densely hispido-villous. |
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Leaves | basal and proximal cauline (sometimes withering by flowering) tapering to winged petioles, blades lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 50–300 (including petiole) × 12–80 mm (sometimes firm), margins sharply serrate to crenate or entire, faces glabrate to sparsely strigillose; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades narrowly ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 25–90 × 5–30 mm, gradually reduced distally, margins serrulate to entire (distally), ciliate, faces glabrous or sparsely scabroso-strigose. |
basal and proximal cauline tapering to winged petioles, blades oblanceolate to ovate, 35–210 × 15–50 mm, margins serrate or crenate, apices acute, sparsely to moderately soft hispido-villous, more densely so on abaxial nerves; rosettes on rhizome branches sometimes present at flowering; mid and distal cauline sessile, blades elliptic, 15–50 × 5–15 mm, distally reduced, margins entire. |
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Peduncles | 1.5–3 mm, sparsely to moderately scabroso-strigillose; bracteoles linear, grading into phyllaries, scattered along peduncles, clustered near heads. |
1.5–2.5 mm, hispido-villous to canescent. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 4–6.5 mm. |
campanulate, 3–5 mm. |
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Ray florets | (2–)3–7(–9); laminae 3–4 × 0.5–1 mm. |
7–9 (white); laminae 3.5–4 × 1–1.5 mm. |
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Disc florets | 6–16; corollas 2.5–4 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. |
9–12; corollas 3–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.2 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, appressed, strongly unequal, outer ovate, mid and inner lanceolate, (midnerves often raised and thick) apices acute to obtuse or rounded, glabrous. |
in 3–4 series, appressed, strongly unequal, oblong, margins white, scarious, apices obtuse to rounded. |
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Heads | 15–300+, not secund, in usually dense, sometimes open, elongate, paniculiform to thyrsiform arrays, (5–)10–45 × (2–)3–7(–12) cm; branches strongly ascending, often racemiform. |
12–270 (1–15 per branch) in usually wand-shaped paniculiform arrays, of short axillary and terminal racemiform, non-secund clusters, sometimes proximal branches elongated, ascending and bearing short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters. |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 1.6–2.5 mm, glabrous; pappi 3–4.5 mm. |
(narrowly obconic) 1.5–2.5 mm, smooth or with 5–8 narrow, darker, sunken striations, glabrous or sparsely strigose; pappi 2.5–3.5 mm (sometimes strongly clavate). |
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2n | =18. |
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Solidago speciosa |
Solidago bicolor |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | |||||||||
Habitat | Sandy and clay soils, dry open woods, rocky slopes, disturbed soils | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–1000+ m (0–3300+ ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; ON
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AL; AR; CT; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago speciosa occurs scattered throughout its range, often in small populations. Five races have been acknowledged; only three varieties appear to warrant recognition. The species is divided into two nearly allopatric subspecies. The typical subspecies includes two varieties that are sometimes difficult to distinguish and considerably overlap in their ranges. The differences in size and number of leaves and persistence of the proximal cauline leaves may be caused in part by growing conditions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 123. | FNA vol. 20, p. 120. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Squarrosae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Squarrosae | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster speciosus | Aster bicolor, Aster pubens, S. alba, S. curtisii var. pubens, S. pubens | ||||||||
Name authority | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 160. (1818) | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 556. (1767): Mant. 1: 114. (1767) | ||||||||
Web links |