Solidago simplex |
Solidago simplex var. monticola |
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alpine goldenrod, dune goldenrod, Mt. Albert goldenrod, Rand's goldenrod, spikelike goldenrod, sticky goldenrod |
Rand's goldenrod, verge d'or simple de la serpentine |
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Habit | Plants 5–80 cm; caudices branching. | Plants (10–)18–53(–83) cm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–10+, ascending to erect, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays. |
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Leaves | basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades narrowly oblanceolate, (20–)50–100(–160) × (2–)5–16(–56) mm, margins serrate to crenate, apices acute to obtuse, glabrous; mid and distal sessile, similar, blades lanceolate to linear, 12–45 × 2–19 mm, reduced distally, margins entire to sparsely serrate, sometimes resinous. |
basal obovate to spatulate, margins crenate to sharply serrate, acute or somewhat obtuse; cauline (3–)9–26(–35), proximal (42–)62–113(–159) × (5–)10–22(–31) mm, margins crenate to serrate; mid to distal 11.5–39.5(–76) × (1.3–)2–8.4(–14.5) mm. |
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Peduncles | 3.1–10.3 mm, glabrate to sparsely strigillose; bracteoles few, linear. |
bracteoles (0–)1–4(–6). |
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Involucres | campanulate, 3–7 mm. |
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Ray florets | 7–16; laminae 2–5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
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Disc florets | 6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3(–2) mm. |
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Phyllaries | (in 3–4 series) strongly unequal, often resinous; outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, obtuse. |
mid less than 0.9 mm wide 1 mm below apices. |
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Heads | 3–150, not secund, in narrowly elongate, paniculiform arrays, broadly so in robust plants (12.5–19 × 2.5–3 cm wide), consisting of short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters, proximal branches elongate in larger plants, branches glabrate to strigillose. |
in wandlike racemiform or wandlike to sometimes open paniculiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | narrowly obconic, 1.9–3.2 mm, sometimes with dark ridges, strigillose; pappi 1.9–5.2 mm (bristles sometimes clavate). |
sparsely to moderately strigose. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Solidago simplex |
Solidago simplex var. monticola |
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Phenology | Flowering late summer. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry serpentine soils, granitic rocky barren uplands of mountains below alpine slopes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 200–800+ m (700–2600+ ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CO; ID; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NM; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Mexico
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MA; ME; NH; NY; VT; QC |
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (7 in the flora). The somewhat viscid-resinous heads of Solidago simplex are its most distinctive feature, separating it from similar sympatric species. G. S. Ringius (1985) did a detailed multivariate analysis of the S. spathulata/S. simplex complex (the latter under the name S. glutinosa). The cytogeography of the species complex was presented by Ringius and J. C. Semple (1987). Neither study included data on the next three species occurring in the southeastern United States. The species is divided into two subspecies and seven varieties following G. S Ringius (1985) and J. C. Semple et al. (1999). Three varieties occur in the diploid transcontinental subsp. simplex: var. simplex, var. nana, and var. chlorolepis. Four varieties occur in the eastern North American tetraploid-hexaploid subsp. randii: var. monticola, var. gillmanii, var. ontarioensis, and var. racemosa. Except for var. simplex, varieties are restricted to different habitats in relatively limited ranges. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Variety monticola is found as rare disjunct populations throughout its range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 113. | FNA vol. 20, p. 115. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles > Solidago simplex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | S. puberula var. monticola, S. randii var. monticola, S. virgaurea var. deanei, S. virgaurea var. redfieldii | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 81. (1818) | (Porter) G. S. Ringius: Phytologia 70: 397. (1991) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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