Solidago simplex |
Solidago sect. Solidago |
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alpine goldenrod, dune goldenrod, Mt. Albert goldenrod, Rand's goldenrod, spikelike goldenrod, sticky goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 5–80 cm; caudices branching. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–10+, ascending to erect, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays. |
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Leaves | basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades narrowly oblanceolate, (20–)50–100(–160) × (2–)5–16(–56) mm, margins serrate to crenate, apices acute to obtuse, glabrous; mid and distal sessile, similar, blades lanceolate to linear, 12–45 × 2–19 mm, reduced distally, margins entire to sparsely serrate, sometimes resinous. |
basal (rosettes) usually withering by flowering; petiole bases or vasculature not persisting on rhizomes; proximalmost cauline petiolate, sometimes present at flowering; proximal and distal sometimes 3-nerved. |
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Peduncles | 3.1–10.3 mm, glabrate to sparsely strigillose; bracteoles few, linear. |
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Involucres | campanulate, 3–7 mm. |
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Ray florets | 7–16; laminae 2–5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
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Disc florets | 6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3(–2) mm. |
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Phyllaries | (in 3–4 series) strongly unequal, often resinous; outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, obtuse. |
1-nerved, usually not striate (3–5-nerved and striate in S. glomerata, S. lancifolia, S. roanensis) sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular, sometimes resinous. |
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Heads | 3–150, not secund, in narrowly elongate, paniculiform arrays, broadly so in robust plants (12.5–19 × 2.5–3 cm wide), consisting of short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters, proximal branches elongate in larger plants, branches glabrate to strigillose. |
in ± paniculiform or thyrsiform arrays (wand-, club-, or secund cone-shaped) or in axillary clusters, sometimes in rounded corymbiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | narrowly obconic, 1.9–3.2 mm, sometimes with dark ridges, strigillose; pappi 1.9–5.2 mm (bristles sometimes clavate). |
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Pappus | bristles in 2–3 series (shorter, outer setiform scales rarely present, outer, longer bristles apically attenuate, inner bristles longest, weakly to strongly clavate). |
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Solidago simplex |
Solidago sect. Solidago |
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Distribution |
AK; AZ; CO; ID; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NM; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Mexico
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North America; South America; temperate Eurasia [Introduced in tropical Asia] |
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (7 in the flora). The somewhat viscid-resinous heads of Solidago simplex are its most distinctive feature, separating it from similar sympatric species. G. S. Ringius (1985) did a detailed multivariate analysis of the S. spathulata/S. simplex complex (the latter under the name S. glutinosa). The cytogeography of the species complex was presented by Ringius and J. C. Semple (1987). Neither study included data on the next three species occurring in the southeastern United States. The species is divided into two subspecies and seven varieties following G. S Ringius (1985) and J. C. Semple et al. (1999). Three varieties occur in the diploid transcontinental subsp. simplex: var. simplex, var. nana, and var. chlorolepis. Four varieties occur in the eastern North American tetraploid-hexaploid subsp. randii: var. monticola, var. gillmanii, var. ontarioensis, and var. racemosa. Except for var. simplex, varieties are restricted to different habitats in relatively limited ranges. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 95 (71 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 113. | FNA vol. 20, p. 110. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Name authority | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 81. (1818) | unknown | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |