Solidago simplex |
Solidago arguta |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
alpine goldenrod, dune goldenrod, Mt. Albert goldenrod, Rand's goldenrod, spikelike goldenrod, sticky goldenrod |
Atlantic goldenrod, cut-leaf or sharp-leaf or Atlantic goldenrod, forest goldenrod |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habit | Plants 5–80 cm; caudices branching. | Plants 50–120 cm; caudices branching. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–10+, ascending to erect, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays. |
1 usually, erect, round, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves | basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades narrowly oblanceolate, (20–)50–100(–160) × (2–)5–16(–56) mm, margins serrate to crenate, apices acute to obtuse, glabrous; mid and distal sessile, similar, blades lanceolate to linear, 12–45 × 2–19 mm, reduced distally, margins entire to sparsely serrate, sometimes resinous. |
basal and proximal cauline tapering abruptly to winged, thin petioles, blades broadly ovate, 100–300 × 30–100 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to acuminate, adaxial faces glabrous or slightly scabrous, or sometimes strigose or strigillose; mid to distal cauline sessile, lanceolate, 50–72 × 10–14 mm, reduced distally, becoming entire. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peduncles | 3.1–10.3 mm, glabrate to sparsely strigillose; bracteoles few, linear. |
1.5–3 mm, glabrous or moderately short hispido-strigose, bracteoles 1–5, lanceolate-oblong, often grading into phyllaries. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Involucres | campanulate, 3–7 mm. |
2.5–4.5(–5) mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ray florets | 7–16; laminae 2–5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
2–8; laminae 4–4.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disc florets | 6–31; corollas 4–4.9 mm, lobes 0.6–1.3(–2) mm. |
8–20; corollas 3.5–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.5 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phyllaries | (in 3–4 series) strongly unequal, often resinous; outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, obtuse. |
in 3–4 series, unequal; outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, ciliate, obtuse. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heads | 3–150, not secund, in narrowly elongate, paniculiform arrays, broadly so in robust plants (12.5–19 × 2.5–3 cm wide), consisting of short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters, proximal branches elongate in larger plants, branches glabrate to strigillose. |
25–250, secund, in open, leafy, paniculiform arrays with recurved branches (sometimes elongate), branches and peduncles hairy. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cypselae | narrowly obconic, 1.9–3.2 mm, sometimes with dark ridges, strigillose; pappi 1.9–5.2 mm (bristles sometimes clavate). |
1.5–2 mm, distinctly ridged, glabrous or strigose distally; pappi 3–3.5 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Solidago simplex |
Solidago arguta |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CO; ID; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NM; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Mexico
|
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discussion | Varieties 7 (7 in the flora). The somewhat viscid-resinous heads of Solidago simplex are its most distinctive feature, separating it from similar sympatric species. G. S. Ringius (1985) did a detailed multivariate analysis of the S. spathulata/S. simplex complex (the latter under the name S. glutinosa). The cytogeography of the species complex was presented by Ringius and J. C. Semple (1987). Neither study included data on the next three species occurring in the southeastern United States. The species is divided into two subspecies and seven varieties following G. S Ringius (1985) and J. C. Semple et al. (1999). Three varieties occur in the diploid transcontinental subsp. simplex: var. simplex, var. nana, and var. chlorolepis. Four varieties occur in the eastern North American tetraploid-hexaploid subsp. randii: var. monticola, var. gillmanii, var. ontarioensis, and var. racemosa. Except for var. simplex, varieties are restricted to different habitats in relatively limited ranges. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago arguta is reputedly in Ohio but its presence there is unconfirmed. The species includes a number of regional and ecotypal races investigated by G. H. Morton (1973, 1975). A. Cronquist (1980) is followed here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 113. | FNA vol. 20, p. 131. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Argutae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster argutus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 81. (1818) | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 3: 213. (1789) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |