Solidago sempervirens
Solidago uliginosa
seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte
bog goldenrod, fall goldenrod, verge d'or des marais
1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.
usually 1, erect, glabrous, short hispido-strigose in arrays.
rosettes present at flowering;
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;
mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long petioles that partially sheath stems;
blades oblanceolate, 100–350 × 5–60 mm, margins subentire to serrate, apices acute;
mid to distal sessile, not sheathing stems, blades lanceolate, 20–50 × 5–10 mm, much reduced distally, margins entire.
2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
1–4 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigose.
3–7 mm.
3–5 mm.
8–17;
laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
1–8 (moderately conspicuous);
laminae 3.2–3.7 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
10–22;
corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.
6–8;
corollas 4.6–5 mm, lobes 0.6–1 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.
(14–18) in 3–5 series, unequal, usually apically ciliate;
outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, obtuse.
20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.
35–230 in elongate paniculiform arrays, sometimes narrow and secund pyramidal, usually narrowly to broadly, non-secund thyrsiform;
branches strongly ascending with non-secund heads to arching with heads secund.
(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;
pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).
1–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigillose;
pappi 2.7–3 mm (weakly clavate).
= 18, 36.
Solidago sempervirens
Solidago uliginosa
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Solidago uliginosa is highly variable in stem height and the size of the array, which are greatly influenced by growing conditions. A. Cronquist (1980) treated S. simulans as a “broad-leaved extreme of S. gracillima, approaching S. uliginosa.” These plants come from a distinctive habitat in western North Carolina, south of more typical populations of S. uliginosa; it might warrant recognition as a narrowly distributed endemic. In the north, several different tetraploid races within the species appear to be derived separately from diploids in the eastern and the Great Lakes portion of the range.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia | subsp. sempervirens |
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward | subsp. mexicana |
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