Solidago sempervirens
Solidago tarda
seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte
1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.
1–5+, glabrous, sparsely strigose in arrays.
rosettes present at flowering;
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;
mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.
basal petiolate;
blades broadly elliptic to ovate, 100–350 × 60–120 mm (including petioles), bases truncate to obtuse, apices acute to acuminate, margins sharply serrate, glabrous;
distal cauline blades spreading to ascending, linear-elliptic, 30–50 × 6–15 mm.
2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
1.5–3 mm, glabrate to moderately short hispido-strigose, bracteoles 1–5, linear-lanceolate grading into phyllaries.
3–7 mm.
campanulate, (4.5–)5–7 mm (much exceeded by pappi).
8–17;
laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
4–9;
laminae 4–5 × 1.5–2.5 mm.
10–22;
corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.
9–11;
corollas 4–5 mm, lobes ca. 1.5 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.
in 3–4 series, linear-lanceolate, strongly unequal.
20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.
25–50+, in elongate, paniculiform arrays, proximal branches recurved-secund, sometimes elongate.
(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;
pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).
(brown, ribs dark brown) 3 mm, sparsely short-strigose;
pappi 3–4 mm.
= 54.
Solidago sempervirens
Solidago tarda
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Solidago tarda requires a more xeric environment than S. arguta; it is found mostly on coastal plains. A. Cronquist (1980, citing G. H. Morton, pers. comm.) noted that some plants from northern Florida and southern Georgia had narrower, basally more tapering proximal leaves; some of those plants were tetraploid. The proper taxonomic status of those plants is uncertain.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia | subsp. sempervirens |
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward | subsp. mexicana |
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