Solidago sempervirens
Solidago stricta
seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte
wand goldenrod, wand or wandlike or willow-leaf goldenrod
1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.
1–5(–10), ascending to erect (tall stems sometimes arching), branching proximal to arrays only in damaged stems, glabrous.
rosettes present at flowering;
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;
mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.
basal subsessile to winged-petiolate, petioles of proximalmost nearly completely sheathing stems, blades oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 60–600 × 3–20(–50) mm, thick and firm, obtuse to rounded, bases tapering, margins entire or obscurely serrate, glabrous;
proximal to distal cauline sessile, ascending to nearly appressed, lanceolate-oblong to linear, 10–30 × 2–4 mm, abruptly reduced proximally, then gradually so distally, margins entire, apices acute, faces glabrous.
2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
slender, 2–10 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigillose;
bracteoles linear.
3–7 mm.
narrowly campanulate, 4–6 mm.
8–17;
laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
3–7, 1.5–2 × ca. 0.5 mm.
10–22;
corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.
usually 8–12;
corollas 3–5 mm, lobes 1–1.2 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.
in 3–4 series, oblong, unequal, acute to rounded, glabrous.
20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.
15–250, sometimes secund on proximal branches and secund terminus, in linear, narrowly elongate paniculiform to elongate pyramidal-secund or thyrsiform-paniculiform and not secund arrays, sometimes with a few elongate proximal, arching branches.
(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;
pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).
1.5–2.5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigose;
pappi 3 mm.
Solidago sempervirens
Solidago stricta
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago chrysopsis is interpreted here as just a diminutive form of S. stricta growing in the Florida Keys. Solidago stricta may hybridize with S. sempervirens in locations near salt marshes. Solidago flavovirens, from brackish marshes near Apalachicola, may be this species, or perhaps a hybrid with S. sempervirens.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia | subsp. sempervirens |
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward | subsp. mexicana |
1. Basal leaves entire; arrays narrow, without elongate proximal branches; outer coastal plain, Delaware to Texas (Mexico, Central America) | subsp. stricta |
1. Basal leaves sparsely to obviously serrate; arrays sometimes with much elongate proximal arching branches; mostly inner coastal plain, North Carolina to Alabama | subsp. gracillima |
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