Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago riddellii |
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seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte |
Riddell's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 40–200 cm; caudices short, stout. | Plants 40–100 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases marcescent (attached to old stems for more than a season). | ||||
Stems | 1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays. |
1–10+, erect, glabrous. |
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Leaves | rosettes present at flowering; basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous; mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire. |
basal and proximal cauline usually withering by flowering (other rosettes may be present), tapering to long, winged petioles, blades often recurved, linear- lanceolate or -oblanceolate, 100–240 × 8–16 mm, folded along midrib (V-shaped in cross section), bases usually with (2–)3–8 prominent lateral nerves, apices acute to obtuse, faces glabrous; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades recurved, linear-lanceolate, 50–70 × 8–11 mm, reduced distally, folded, bases with prominent lateral nerves. |
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Peduncles | 2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
2.8–4 mm, moderately short-hispido-strigose, lanceolate bracteoles 0–1. |
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Involucres | 3–7 mm. |
narrowly campanulate, 4.5–6 mm. |
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Ray florets | 8–17; laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
7–9; laminae 4.5–5.5 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
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Disc florets | 10–22; corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. |
6–10; corollas 4.5–5.2 mm, lobes 0.7–1.8 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute. |
(14–18) in 3–4 series, unequal, obtuse, broad, striations weak, obtuse to rounded, glabrous. |
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Heads | 20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally. |
30–450 in corymbiform to somewhat paniculiform with rounded corymbiform branches (robust plants) arrays, branches and peduncles strigillose. |
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Cypselae | (obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose; pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate). |
1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous; pappi 3.5–4 mm (apically clavate). |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago riddellii |
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Phenology | Flowering Sep–Oct. | |||||
Habitat | Wet prairielike sites and marshy ground | |||||
Elevation | 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TX; VA; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; Central America; West Indies [Introduced inland around Great Lakes, introduced to Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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IL; IN; MI; MN; MO; OH; WI; MB; ON
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 136. | FNA vol. 20, p. 165. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Maritimae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Aster sempervirens | Aster riddellii, Oligoneuron riddellii, S. amplexicaulis | ||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 878. (1753) | Frank: W. J. Med. Phys. Sci. 8: 499. (1835) | ||||
Web links |