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seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte

downy goldenrod, verge d'or pubérulente

Habit Plants 40–200 cm; caudices short, stout. Plants 20–100 cm; caudices branched, woody.
Stems

1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.

1–5+, erect, puberulent.

Leaves

rosettes present at flowering;

basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;

mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.

basal and proximal cauline tapering to long petioles, blades oblanceolate to obovate, 50–150 × 10–50 mm, margins serrate, apices acute, faces puberulent;

mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate to linear-elliptic, 10–50 × 3–10 mm, reduced distally, margins becoming entire, apices acute.

Peduncles

2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

1.5–3 mm.

Involucres

3–7 mm.

campanulate, 3–5 mm.

Ray florets

8–17;

laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.

9–16 (orange-yellow);

laminae 3.5–4.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.

Disc florets

10–22;

corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.

(6–)10–15;

corollas 2.8–3 mm, lobes 0.5–0.8 mm.

Phyllaries

in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.

in 3–4 series, appressed, unequal, linear, attenuate, puberulent.

Heads

20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.

15–250, not secund, in elongate, paniculiform arrays, lateral racemiform clusters short and ascending, sometimes lateral branches elongated and sharply ascending.

Cypselae

(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;

pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).

0.8–1.3 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigose;

pappi 2.2–2.6 mm.

Solidago sempervirens

Solidago puberula

Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TX; VA; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; Central America; West Indies [Introduced inland around Great Lakes, introduced to Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia
subsp. sempervirens
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward
subsp. mexicana
1. Leaves 20–50(–60), mid cauline usually 40–50 mm; phyllaries attenuate; Nova Scotia to Ontario, s to piedmont and mountains in Georgia
subsp. puberula
1. Leaves (20–)50–110+, mid cauline 10–40 mm; phyllaries acute to barely attenuate; coastal plain, se Virginia to n Florida, w to e Louisiana
subsp. pulverulenta
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 136. FNA vol. 20, p. 121.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Maritimae Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Squarrosae
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
S. sempervirens subsp. mexicana, S. sempervirens subsp. sempervirens
S. puberula subsp. puberula, S. puberula subsp. pulverulenta
Synonyms Aster sempervirens
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 878. (1753) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 162. (1818)
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