Solidago sempervirens
Solidago plumosa
seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte
plumed goldenrod, plumose goldenrod
1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.
glabrous, viscid-resinous.
rosettes present at flowering;
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;
mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.
basal petiolate;
blades tapering to petioles, linear to elliptic-oblanceolate, 100–150 (–220) (including petiole) × 5–10(–15) mm, margins serrate, apices acute to obtuse; the outer much smaller;
mid and distal similar to basal, becoming sessile, mid 40–60 × 2–4 mm, distally reduced (in arrays) to linear bracts 10–35 × 1–2 mm, entire.
2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
2–6 mm, glabrous, sometimes resinous-glandular;
bracteoles linear, 0–5.
3–7 mm.
campanulate, 4.5–6 mm.
8–17;
laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
3–6;
laminae 3.5–5 × 1 mm.
10–22;
corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.
mostly 8–10;
corollas 4.5–5.5 mm, lobes 0.8–1.2 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.
(in 3–4 series) lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, strongly unequal, apices rounded, glabrous, somewhat resinous.
20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.
in paniculiform arrays, 15–30 cm, branches ascending, 2–10 cm, not secund in erect stems, secund in arching ones.
(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;
pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).
obconic, ca. 2.5 mm, shallowly ribbed, glabrous;
pappi 4–5 mm.
= 18.
Solidago sempervirens
Solidago plumosa
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Of conservation concern.
Solidago plumosa is known only from a short stretch of the Falls Yadkin River, Stanley County. This species is similar to S. simplex var. racemosa and possibly conspecific with S. simplex. Insufficient material of this taxon has limited study. Known only from the type material since its description, it has been found recently, locally abundant along the Yadkin River at the type locality (A. Weakly, pers. comm.).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia | subsp. sempervirens |
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward | subsp. mexicana |
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