Solidago sempervirens
Solidago odora
seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte
anise-scented goldenrod, anise-scented or fragrant or sweet goldenrod, licorice goldenrod, sweet goldenrod
1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays.
1–5+, erect to arching, puberulent in arrays and in lines proximal to leaf bases or uniformly.
rosettes present at flowering;
basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous;
mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire.
usually anise-scented when crushed;
basal and proximal usually withering by flowering, tapering to broadly winged petioles, blades oblanceolate, margins entire, short-strigillose, faces glabrous or short scabroso-strigillose along main nerves;
mid and distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 30–110 × 8–20 mm, much reduced distally, bases rounded, margins entire, midnerves prominent, sometimes scabroso-strigillose basally to much of length, apices acute, faces glabrous, finely translucent gland-dotted.
2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
thin, 2–8 mm, glabrate to finely puberulent, glabrous strips proximal to few linear-lanceolate bracteoles.
3–7 mm.
narrowly campanulate, 3.5–5 mm.
8–17;
laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm.
3–4(–6);
laminae 1.4–2.5 × 0.4–0.9 mm.
10–22;
corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm.
3–5;
corollas 2.7–3.5 mm, lobes 0.5–1.3 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute.
in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, yellowish, acute, glabrous;
outer narrowly ovate to lanceolate, inner lanceolate to linear-lanceolate.
20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally.
(20–)75–350, in paniculiform arrays, openly secund, pyramidal, proximal to mid branches ascending to spreading, recurved, secund, 3–18 cm.
(obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose;
pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate).
(obconic) 1.4–2.3 mm, strigose to glabrate;
pappi 2.4–3 mm.
Solidago sempervirens
Solidago odora
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
subspecies 2 (2 in the flora)
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Involucres 4–7 mm, rays 12–17, disc florets ca. 17–22; Newfoundland to New Jersey, locally to Virginia | subsp. sempervirens |
1. Involucres 3–4 mm, rays 7–11, disc florets ca. 10–16; Massachusetts to Texas and southward | subsp. mexicana |
1. Stems puberulent in lines or strips decurrent from distal leaf bases (at least); mid cauline leaves mostly 40–110 × 5–15(–20) mm (4–15 times as long as wide); most of range except c, s peninsular Florida | subsp. odora |
1. Stems uniformly puberulent, sometimes with short glabrous-glabrate strips proximal to leaf bases; mid cauline leaves mostly (15–)30–70 × 8–20 mm (2–6 times as long as wide); Florida, mostly peninsular, seldom in e panhandle | subsp. chapmanii |
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