Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago kralii |
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seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte |
Kral's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 40–200 cm; caudices short, stout. | Plants 65–110 cm; rhizomes creeping. | ||||
Stems | 1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays. |
1–10(–50), ascending to erect, glabrous or sparsely strigillose, copiously viscid-resinous in arrays. |
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Leaves | rosettes present at flowering; basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous; mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire. |
basal gradually tapering to winged petioles, blades oblanceolate, (25–)100–200 × (4–)15–28 mm, membranous, margins shallowly serrate apically (teeth less than 1 mm), finely ciliate, midnerves prominent, faces glabrous, viscid; rosettes present at flowering, at ends of elongated rhizomes, 1st leaves the smallest; proximal to mid cauline similar, sessile, blades linear-elliptic, quickly reduced; mid blades 40–80 × 6–9 mm, reduced distally, margins entire; distal sessile, blades linear-elliptic to linear, 10–35 × 1–3 mm, reduced in arrays. |
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Peduncles | 2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
sparsely strigillose, copiously resinous, naked proximally to bracteolate near heads; bracteoles usually 1–3. |
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Involucres | 3–7 mm. |
campanulate, 5–7 mm. |
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Ray florets | 8–17; laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
3–5(–7); laminae 2.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
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Disc florets | 10–22; corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. |
10–16; corollas 5–6 mm, lobes 1–1.5(–1.8) mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute. |
in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, apices obtuse, rounded to slightly cuspidate, ciliate, sparsely, finely strigose, obscured by exudate, copiously resinous; outer ovate (1.5–2 mm), mid narrowly ovate (3–4 × 1.5 mm), inner linear-lanceolate. |
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Heads | 20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally. |
50–200 (1–15 per branch), in narrowly thyrsiform, paniculiform arrays, 9–30 × 4–5 cm, longer branches ascending, 2–10 cm. |
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Cypselae | (obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose; pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate). |
fusiform to narrowly obconic, 3–5 mm, ribs 5–8, golden brown, darker than intercostal portions, thin, glabrous; pappi 4–5 mm (sometimes strongly clavate). |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago kralii |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Turkey oak and pine scrub sandhills | |||||
Elevation | 40–100 m (100–300 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TX; VA; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; Central America; West Indies [Introduced inland around Great Lakes, introduced to Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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GA; SC |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Solidago kralii is closely related to S. simplex, S. plumosa, and S. arenicola but occurs in a different habitat; it is much more copiously viscid-resinous than those species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 136. | FNA vol. 20, p. 116. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Maritimae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Aster sempervirens | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 878. (1753) | Semple: Sida 20: 1606, figs. 1–11. (2003) | ||||
Web links |