Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago arguta |
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seaside goldenrod, verge d'or toujours verte |
Atlantic goldenrod, cut-leaf or sharp-leaf or Atlantic goldenrod, forest goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 40–200 cm; caudices short, stout. | Plants 50–120 cm; caudices branching. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–10(–20+), erect or ascending, glabrous throughout or hairy in arrays. |
1 usually, erect, round, proximally glabrous, strigose in arrays. |
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Leaves | rosettes present at flowering; basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles sheathing stems or nearly so, blades narrowly ovate to oblanceolate, 100–400 × 10–60 mm, thick or fleshy, entire, acute, glabrous; mid to distal cauline usually numerous, sessile, blades lanceolate, 40–60 × 5–10 mm, reduced distally, thick or fleshy, bases sometimes subclasping, margins entire. |
basal and proximal cauline tapering abruptly to winged, thin petioles, blades broadly ovate, 100–300 × 30–100 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to acuminate, adaxial faces glabrous or slightly scabrous, or sometimes strigose or strigillose; mid to distal cauline sessile, lanceolate, 50–72 × 10–14 mm, reduced distally, becoming entire. |
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Peduncles | 2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
1.5–3 mm, glabrous or moderately short hispido-strigose, bracteoles 1–5, lanceolate-oblong, often grading into phyllaries. |
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Involucres | 3–7 mm. |
2.5–4.5(–5) mm. |
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Ray florets | 8–17; laminae 5–6.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
2–8; laminae 4–4.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
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Disc florets | 10–22; corollas 3–3.2 mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. |
8–20; corollas 3.5–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.5 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, unequal, lanceolate, margins ciliate, apices acute. |
in 3–4 series, unequal; outer ovate, acute, inner linear-oblong, ciliate, obtuse. |
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Heads | 20–500, secund, in paniculiform arrays, secund-pyramidal to broadly club-shaped, sometimes leafy proximally, at least proximal branches spreading-recurved, branches and peduncles bracteolate, bracteoles reduced distally. |
25–250, secund, in open, leafy, paniculiform arrays with recurved branches (sometimes elongate), branches and peduncles hairy. |
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Cypselae | (obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm, moderately strigose; pappi 3.8–4 mm (slightly clavate). |
1.5–2 mm, distinctly ridged, glabrous or strigose distally; pappi 3–3.5 mm. |
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Solidago sempervirens |
Solidago arguta |
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Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TX; VA; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; Central America; West Indies [Introduced inland around Great Lakes, introduced to Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago sempervirens is common along the seacoast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to central America and the northern West Indies. Introduced populations are sometimes very large near the Detroit River and Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, eastern Michigan, and adjacent Ohio. A second disjunct group of populations occurs in Illinois and Indiana in the Chicago area at the southern end of Lake Michigan. Two mostly geographically separate subspecies can be recognized in the flora range. A race also occurs in the Azores and is undoubtedly introduced there [Solidago sempervirens var. azorica (Hochstetter ex Seubert) H. St. John]. Plants cultivated in European gardens have been labeled S. sempervirens var. viminea (Aiton) A. Gray. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago arguta is reputedly in Ohio but its presence there is unconfirmed. The species includes a number of regional and ecotypal races investigated by G. H. Morton (1973, 1975). A. Cronquist (1980) is followed here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 136. | FNA vol. 20, p. 131. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Maritimae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Argutae | ||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster sempervirens | Aster argutus | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 878. (1753) | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 3: 213. (1789) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |