Solidago rugosa |
Solidago spathulata |
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common wrinkle-leaf goldenrod, rough-stem goldenrod, verge d'or rugueuse, wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
coast goldenrod, dune goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–200 cm; rhizomes long-creeping, forming clones. | Plants (10–)20–40(–50) cm; caudices short-branched, thickened, woody. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–50+, erect, glabrous or densely hispid to strigose. |
1–15+, decumbent to erect, proximally glabrous, sparsely strigose in array. |
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Leaves | basal withering by flowering; proximal cauline usually withering by flowering, sessile, blades elliptic to lanceolate, 68–104 × 20–25 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces usually hispido-strigose (at least on main nerves), nerves sometimes prominent, abaxial glabrate; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, (15–)40–75(–90) × (6–)12–22(–32) mm, largest at midstem, somewhat reduced to much reduced distally, margins coarsely to finely serrate, ciliate, indument similar to proximal or denser. |
basal petiolate to sessile; blades spatulate, 40–120 × 10–30 mm, subcoriaceous, margins crenate, apices acute to obtuse, glabrous; many-leaved rosettes present at flowering; cauline 9–19, sessile; blades similar to basal proximally, becoming oblanceolate distally, reduced to 10 mm, margins entire, apices acute, often heavily resinous. |
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Peduncles | 1–1.8 mm, sparsely to densely hispido-strigillose; bracteoles linear- lanceolate to ovate. |
3–10 mm (longest), sparsely strigose; bracts clustered near base of heads. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) mm. |
campanulate, 4–7 mm. |
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Ray florets | (4–)6–8(–12); laminae (0.9–)1–1.6(–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. |
4–10; laminae 2–4 × 1–2 mm. |
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Disc florets | (2–)4–6(–8); corollas 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–)0.7–1(–1.3) mm. |
10–18; corollas 4.3–6 mm, lobes 0.7–1.5 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse. |
(15–24 in 3–4 series) unequal, very resinous; outer ovate, obtuse, inner linear-lanceolate, obtuse or acute. |
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Heads | 50–1500, secund, in secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays 7–36(–50) × 9–26 cm, compact to lax, branches divergent and recurved, longest 0.8–34 cm, leafy-bracteate. |
5–100+, not secund, in paniculiform arrays, or virgate to thyrsiform in robust plants, consisting of axillary and terminal racemiform clusters. |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm, moderately strigillose; pappi 1.8–2.5 mm. |
appressed-strigose; pappi 3.5–5.5 mm. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago rugosa |
Solidago spathulata |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dunes and headlands | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago rugosa is highly variable in size, array shape, and hairiness. It is similar to members of the S. canadensis complex; it differs in not having 3-nerved leaves. The species is divided into two subspecies and five varieties that can be difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solidago spathulata is scattered along the coast in isolated populations. A narrow interpretation of the species is accepted here following G. S. Ringius (1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 146. | FNA vol. 20, p. 112. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Venosae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Humiles | ||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster rugosus | Aster candollei, S. simplex var. spathulata, S. spiciformis | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Solidago no. 25. (1768) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 339. (1836) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |