Solidago rugosa |
Solidago pinetorum |
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common wrinkle-leaf goldenrod, rough-stem goldenrod, verge d'or rugueuse, wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
pineywoods goldenrod, Small's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–200 cm; rhizomes long-creeping, forming clones. | Plants 40–110 cm; caudices branched, woody, new rosettes arising at bases of old stems or at ends of 0.5–5 cm rhizomes. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–50+, erect, glabrous or densely hispid to strigose. |
1–5+, ascending to erect, slender, glabrous; distal axils bearing short lateral branches with several spreading leaves. |
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Leaves | basal withering by flowering; proximal cauline usually withering by flowering, sessile, blades elliptic to lanceolate, 68–104 × 20–25 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces usually hispido-strigose (at least on main nerves), nerves sometimes prominent, abaxial glabrate; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, (15–)40–75(–90) × (6–)12–22(–32) mm, largest at midstem, somewhat reduced to much reduced distally, margins coarsely to finely serrate, ciliate, indument similar to proximal or denser. |
basal blades mostly linear-oblanceolate, 40–160 × 10–20 mm, smallest (10 mm) nearly spatulate, margins shallowly serrate or subentire, sometimes ciliate, ± strongly 3-nerved, apices obtuse to mostly acute, faces glabrous; mid and distal cauline spreading to reflexed, blades linear, 15–60 × 1–4 mm, reduced to linear bracts in arrays, glabrous. |
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Peduncles | 1–1.8 mm, sparsely to densely hispido-strigillose; bracteoles linear- lanceolate to ovate. |
1–5 mm, bracts 0–5, linear-lanceolate, 1–3 mm, distal grading into phyllaries. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) mm. |
narrowly campanulate, 3–4 mm. |
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Ray florets | (4–)6–8(–12); laminae (0.9–)1–1.6(–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. |
3–7; laminae 2–3 × ca. 0.5 mm. |
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Disc florets | (2–)4–6(–8); corollas 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–)0.7–1(–1.3) mm. |
5–9; corollas 3–3.5 mm, lobes 0.5–0.8 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse. |
in 2–3 series, strongly unequal, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse to rounded, glabrous. |
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Heads | 50–1500, secund, in secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays 7–36(–50) × 9–26 cm, compact to lax, branches divergent and recurved, longest 0.8–34 cm, leafy-bracteate. |
50–350, secund, in paniculiform arrays, openly secund-pyramidal with proximal branches spreading recurved, or as broad as long with proximal branches widely ascending, recurved (elm-tree shaped). |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm, moderately strigillose; pappi 1.8–2.5 mm. |
(obconic) 1 mm (with several prominent ridges), glabrous or slightly hairy distally; pappi 2–3 mm. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago rugosa |
Solidago pinetorum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Open places and dry woods, especially in sandy soil, rocky sand bars | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–400(–700) m (0–1300(–2300) ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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NC; SC; VA
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago rugosa is highly variable in size, array shape, and hairiness. It is similar to members of the S. canadensis complex; it differs in not having 3-nerved leaves. The species is divided into two subspecies and five varieties that can be difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solidago pinetorum is found in the Piedmont and the Atlantic coastal plain. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 146. | FNA vol. 20, p. 141. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Venosae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Junceae | ||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster rugosus | |||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Solidago no. 25. (1768) | Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1200, 1339. (1903) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |