Solidago rugosa |
Solidago ouachitensis |
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common wrinkle-leaf goldenrod, rough-stem goldenrod, verge d'or rugueuse, wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
Ouachita Mountain goldenrod, Ouachita Mountains goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–200 cm; rhizomes long-creeping, forming clones. | Plants 60–110 cm; caudices woody. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–50+, erect, glabrous or densely hispid to strigose. |
1–3+, erect, straight, glabrous proximally to sparsely hairy in arrays. |
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Leaves | basal withering by flowering; proximal cauline usually withering by flowering, sessile, blades elliptic to lanceolate, 68–104 × 20–25 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces usually hispido-strigose (at least on main nerves), nerves sometimes prominent, abaxial glabrate; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, (15–)40–75(–90) × (6–)12–22(–32) mm, largest at midstem, somewhat reduced to much reduced distally, margins coarsely to finely serrate, ciliate, indument similar to proximal or denser. |
basal withering by flowering; proximal cauline sessile, blades elliptic, 100–130 × 35–45 mm, margins sharply serrate (with 20–31 teeth), abaxial faces glabrous, adaxial glabrous or sparsely hairy; distal cauline sessile, blades narrowly elliptic, 65–80 × 13–24 mm, bases cuneate, margins entire to slightly serrate, apices acuminate, faces glabrous. |
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Peduncles | 1–1.8 mm, sparsely to densely hispido-strigillose; bracteoles linear- lanceolate to ovate. |
0.5–3 mm, sparsely hispido-strigose; bracteoles ovate, 1–3 near each head, grading into phyllaries. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) mm. |
narrowly campanulate, (6.5–)7–8 mm. |
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Ray florets | (4–)6–8(–12); laminae (0.9–)1–1.6(–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. |
1; laminae 2.4–4.7 × ca. 1 mm. |
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Disc florets | (2–)4–6(–8); corollas 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–)0.7–1(–1.3) mm. |
4–5; corollas 1.8–2.8 mm, lobes 0.8–1.6 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse. |
in ca. 3–4 series, unequal, 1-nerved, obtuse; outermost linear-oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm. |
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Heads | 50–1500, secund, in secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays 7–36(–50) × 9–26 cm, compact to lax, branches divergent and recurved, longest 0.8–34 cm, leafy-bracteate. |
25–50, in non-secund, short, axillary and terminal racemiform/paniculiform arrays 13–25 cm. |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm, moderately strigillose; pappi 1.8–2.5 mm. |
1.5–2.7 mm, glabrous; pappi 3–3.5 mm. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago rugosa |
Solidago ouachitensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Sep–Oct. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Woods of north facing slopes | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 500–700 m (1600–2300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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AR; OK |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago rugosa is highly variable in size, array shape, and hairiness. It is similar to members of the S. canadensis complex; it differs in not having 3-nerved leaves. The species is divided into two subspecies and five varieties that can be difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Historically Solidago ouachitensis has been included in S. caesia or S. curtisii; it is ecologically and morphologically distinct. Solidago ouachitensis is known only from the mesic, north-facing slopes of the Ouachita Mountains along the border of Arkansas and Oklahoma. It is a very infrequent species deserving protection and is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 146. | FNA vol. 20, p. 127. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Venosae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Glomeruliflorae | ||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster rugosus | |||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Solidago no. 25. (1768) | C. E. S. Taylor & R. J. Taylor: Sida 11: 334, fig. 1. (1986) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |