Solidago rugosa |
Solidago drummondii |
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common wrinkle-leaf goldenrod, rough-stem goldenrod, verge d'or rugueuse, wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
Drummond's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–200 cm; rhizomes long-creeping, forming clones. | Plants 30–100 cm; caudices stout, branched, rhizomes thick. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–50+, erect, glabrous or densely hispid to strigose. |
usually 1, ascending to erect, uniformly short villoso-strigose, occasionally glabrate proximally. |
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Leaves | basal withering by flowering; proximal cauline usually withering by flowering, sessile, blades elliptic to lanceolate, 68–104 × 20–25 mm, margins sharply serrate, apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces usually hispido-strigose (at least on main nerves), nerves sometimes prominent, abaxial glabrate; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, (15–)40–75(–90) × (6–)12–22(–32) mm, largest at midstem, somewhat reduced to much reduced distally, margins coarsely to finely serrate, ciliate, indument similar to proximal or denser. |
basal and proximal cauline short-petiolate, blades broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate, margins serrate, ± 3-nerved and pinnately nerved, abaxial faces (at least) evenly short villoso-strigose; mid and distal cauline like proximal, 20–70 × 10–40 mm (1.3–2 times as long as wide), usually only those near arrays reduced and 1-nerved. |
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Peduncles | 1–1.8 mm, sparsely to densely hispido-strigillose; bracteoles linear- lanceolate to ovate. |
1–6 mm; bracteoles ovate, minute, grading into phyllaries. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) mm. |
campanulate, 3–4.5 mm. |
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Ray florets | (4–)6–8(–12); laminae (0.9–)1–1.6(–2.3) × 0.4–0.7 mm. |
3–7; laminae 1.5–2 × 0.5–1 mm. |
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Disc florets | (2–)4–6(–8); corollas 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, lobes (0.5–)0.7–1(–1.3) mm. |
4–7; corollas (abruptly ampliate) 3–3.5 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse. |
in 3 series, strongly unequal, obtuse or rounded; mid broadly oblong, inner narrowly so. |
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Heads | 50–1500, secund, in secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays 7–36(–50) × 9–26 cm, compact to lax, branches divergent and recurved, longest 0.8–34 cm, leafy-bracteate. |
30–200+, apparently sometimes drooping, in open leafy, secund pyramidal, paniculiform arrays, branches recurved, leafy-bracteate, secund, proximalmost branch sometimes separated by several nodes from next. |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 0.9–1.5 mm, moderately strigillose; pappi 1.8–2.5 mm. |
1.5–2 mm (4–8 translucent ribs), moderately short-strigose; pappi 2–2.5 mm. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago rugosa |
Solidago drummondii |
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Phenology | Flowering late Jul–Oct. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Crevices of limestone ledges and bluffs, rocky woods, especially in calcareous soil | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–300+ m (300–1000+ ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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AR; IL; MO
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago rugosa is highly variable in size, array shape, and hairiness. It is similar to members of the S. canadensis complex; it differs in not having 3-nerved leaves. The species is divided into two subspecies and five varieties that can be difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A. Cronquist (1980) listed Solidago drummondii as reputedly in Louisiana; K. N. Gandhi and R. D. Thomas (1989) did not see any specimen from that state. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 146. | FNA vol. 20, p. 149. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Venosae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Drummondiani | ||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster rugosus | Aster torreyi | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Solidago no. 25. (1768) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 217. (1842) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |