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stiff-leaf goldenrod

shiny goldenrod

Habit Plants 30–150 cm; caudices branching, woody. Plants 30–100 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases persistent (attached to old stems for more than a season).
Stems

1–10+, erect, stout, hairy.

1–10+, ascending-erect, glabrous proximally, usually moderately scabrous-puberulent distally.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline usually present at flowering, abruptly narrowed to long petioles, blades ovate to rhombic, 80–200 × 24–50 mm, firm, flat, margins entire to crenate, sometimes undulate, apices obtuse to acute, faces densely hairy;

mid to distal cauline sessile, blades ovate, 30–50 × 15–17 mm, stiff, greatly reduced distally, margins entire or finely serrate, sometimes undulate, apices acute to obtuse.

basal often present at flowering as new rosettes;

basal and proximal cauline often with distal portions withering by flowering, long-petiolate, blades shiny, ± 3-nerved, linear to oblanceolate, (30–)100–250 × (2–)5–15 mm, margins entire or sparsely serrulate, faces glabrous;

mid and distal cauline sessile, blades linear-lanceolate to linear, 15–80 × 1–7 mm, much reduced distally, faces glabrous or scabrous.

Peduncles

3–15 mm, strigillose-canescent, bracteoles 1–3, linear-lanceolate.

usually moderately to densely strigillose, sometimes sparsely so or glabrous;

bracts minute.

Involucres

campanulate, 6–8 mm.

campanulate, 4.5–6 mm.

Ray florets

6–13;

laminae 1.4–5.4 × 1.2–1.9 mm.

1–4;

laminae 3–5 × 1–1.5 mm.

Disc florets

14–35;

corollas 4.3–6.1 mm, lobes 0.6–1.1 mm.

7–13;

corollas 4–5 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm.

Phyllaries

in 3–4 series, unequal, oblong, conspicuously striate (3–5 pronounced nerves), obtuse.

in 3–4 series, broadly oblong, unequal, firm, striately nerved, rounded, glabrous.

Heads

9–190, in corymbiform arrays, compact or branches long and spreading, densely hairy throughout.

20–150+ in compactly corymbiform arrays, sometimes somewhat rounded.

Cypselae

(obconic) 0.8–1.7 mm (ribbed), glabrous or strigillose apically;

pappi 3–4 mm.

(dark brown, obconic, full) 2–3 mm (7–10 nerved), glabrous;

pappi 4–5 mm (clavate).

2n

= 18.

Solidago rigida

Solidago nitida

Phenology Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct.
Habitat Prairies and open woods
Elevation 0–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CO; CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; WY; AB; MB; ON; SK
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from FNA
AR; LA; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

Solidago rigida is divided into three subspecies with distinct morphologies and partially overlapping ranges. Intermediates occur between the subspecies in areas of sympatry.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Outer phyllaries glabrous; leaves and stems glabrous or ± hispid
subsp. glabrata
1. Outer phyllaries strigillose; leaves and stems moderately to densely hispid or strigose
→ 2
2. Inner phyllaries glabrate to sparsely strigillose, oblong and rounded; plants robust (60–150 cm); arrays loose, open; leaves and stems coarsely hispid (fewer than 50 hairs/mm 2)
subsp. rigida
2. Inner phyllaries conspicuously strigillose, often linear; plants usually short (30–70 cm), sometimes taller; arrays compact; leaves and stems finely and densely hispido-strigose (more than 50 hairs/mm 2)
subsp. humilis
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 163. FNA vol. 20, p. 166.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
S. rigida subsp. glabrata, S. rigida subsp. humilis, S. rigida subsp. rigida
Synonyms Aster rigidus, Oligoneuron rigidum Oligoneuron nitidum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 880. (1753) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 210. (1842)
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