Solidago rigida |
Solidago auriculata |
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stiff-leaf goldenrod |
clasping goldenrod, eared goldenrod, eared or clasping (-leaf) goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–150 cm; caudices branching, woody. | Plants 40–150 cm; rhizomes short, stout or caudices. | ||||||||
Stems | 1–10+, erect, stout, hairy. |
1(–3), ascending to erect, velutinous or loosely hirsutulous. |
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Leaves | basal and proximal cauline usually present at flowering, abruptly narrowed to long petioles, blades ovate to rhombic, 80–200 × 24–50 mm, firm, flat, margins entire to crenate, sometimes undulate, apices obtuse to acute, faces densely hairy; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades ovate, 30–50 × 15–17 mm, stiff, greatly reduced distally, margins entire or finely serrate, sometimes undulate, apices acute to obtuse. |
basal and proximal cauline petioles winged (narrowly so in proximalmost), to 10 cm, bases flared, auriculate-clasping (at least in proximalmost), blades broadly ovate, 35–120 × 30–70 mm, bases cordate, margins serrate, adaxial faces glabrate or sparsely finely scabrous or finely strigose, abaxial pilose on nerves; mid cauline similar to proximal, petioles shorter, broadly winged, strongly auriculate-clasping; distal sessile, blades ovate, 20–40 × 10–20 mm, bases winged, narrowed, auriculate-clasping, becoming ovate and cordate-clasping in arrays, reduced to 10 mm. |
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Peduncles | 3–15 mm, strigillose-canescent, bracteoles 1–3, linear-lanceolate. |
1–3 mm; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, minute, grading into phyllaries. |
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Involucres | campanulate, 6–8 mm. |
campanulate, 3–4(–5) mm. |
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Ray florets | 6–13; laminae 1.4–5.4 × 1.2–1.9 mm. |
1–3; laminae 1–2 × 0.5–0.75 mm. |
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Disc florets | 14–35; corollas 4.3–6.1 mm, lobes 0.6–1.1 mm. |
4–8; corollas 3–3.5 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, unequal, oblong, conspicuously striate (3–5 pronounced nerves), obtuse. |
in 2–3 series, lanceolate, strongly unequal, acute to attenuate, sparsely short strigose. |
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Heads | 9–190, in corymbiform arrays, compact or branches long and spreading, densely hairy throughout. |
50–100, secund, in paniculiform arrays, branches relatively few, short to elongated and arching. |
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Cypselae | (obconic) 0.8–1.7 mm (ribbed), glabrous or strigillose apically; pappi 3–4 mm. |
2–2.5 mm, distinctly ribbed, short-strigose; pappi ca. 2 mm (bristles in 2 weak series, shorter than cypsela bodies, inner weakly clavate). |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago rigida |
Solidago auriculata |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Sep(–Oct). | |||||||||
Habitat | Rocky wooded slopes, alluvial soils near streams, in woods | |||||||||
Elevation | 30–300 m (100–1000 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; WY; AB; MB; ON; SK
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AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TN; TX
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). Solidago rigida is divided into three subspecies with distinct morphologies and partially overlapping ranges. Intermediates occur between the subspecies in areas of sympatry. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solidago auriculata was not listed for Oklahoma (C. E. Taylor and R. J. Taylor 1984). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 163. | FNA vol. 20, p. 135. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Auriculatae | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster rigidus, Oligoneuron rigidum | S. amplexicaulis, S. notabilis | ||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 880. (1753) | Shuttleworth ex S. F. Blake: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 326. (1931) | ||||||||
Web links |