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Riddell's goldenrod

autumn goldenrod, false goldenrod, limestone goldenrod

Habit Plants 40–100 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases marcescent (attached to old stems for more than a season). Plants 50–120 cm; rhizomes short, caudexlike or somewhat elongate.
Stems

1–10+, erect, glabrous.

usually 1, ascending to erect or arching, densely spreading-puberulent to occasionally subglabrous.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline usually withering by flowering (other rosettes may be present), tapering to long, winged petioles, blades often recurved, linear- lanceolate or -oblanceolate, 100–240 × 8–16 mm, folded along midrib (V-shaped in cross section), bases usually with (2–)3–8 prominent lateral nerves, apices acute to obtuse, faces glabrous;

mid to distal cauline sessile, blades recurved, linear-lanceolate, 50–70 × 8–11 mm, reduced distally, folded, bases with prominent lateral nerves.

basal (rosettes) present at flowering, conspicuously petiolate, petioles slightly winged distally, to 100 mm, blades cordate, 40–120 × 40–110 mm, margins coarsely sharp-serrate, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces moderately to densely spreading-puberulent, adaxial sparsely so or glabrate;

mid and distal cauline progressively reduced, less petiolate, blades ovate to lanceolate, less cordate distally, 40–60 × 20–30 mm, margins finely serrate.

Peduncles

2.8–4 mm, moderately short-hispido-strigose, lanceolate bracteoles 0–1.

0–1 mm, sparsely hispido-strigose, bracteoles 1–4, lanceolate-ovate, grading into phyllaries.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, 4.5–6 mm.

narrowly campanulate, 3–4.5 mm.

Ray florets

7–9;

laminae 4.5–5.5 × 0.4–0.5 mm.

3–6;

laminae ca. 1 × 0.5–0.7 mm.

Disc florets

6–10;

corollas 4.5–5.2 mm, lobes 0.7–1.8 mm.

3–6;

corollas 2–2.5 mm, lobes 0.75–1.2 mm.

Phyllaries

(14–18) in 3–4 series, unequal, obtuse, broad, striations weak, obtuse to rounded, glabrous.

in 2–3 series, ovate, strongly unequal, outer somewhat keeled, firm, margins ciliate.

Heads

30–450 in corymbiform to somewhat paniculiform with rounded corymbiform branches (robust plants) arrays, branches and peduncles strigillose.

50–250, densely crowded, often subglomerate, in secund paniculiform arrays, proximal branches few, widely spreading, secund, elongate, distal short, recurved.

Cypselae

1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous;

pappi 3.5–4 mm (apically clavate).

1–2 mm, sparsely short-strigose;

pappi ca. 0.5 mm (forming many-bristled crown on longer cypselae).

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Solidago riddellii

Solidago sphacelata

Phenology Flowering Sep–Oct. Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Sep(–Oct).
Habitat Wet prairielike sites and marshy ground Open woods and rocky places, especially in calcareous soil, mountains and adjacent eroded plateaus
Elevation 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) 100–1000+ m (300–3300+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
IL; IN; MI; MN; MO; OH; WI; MB; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MS; NC; OH; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The vernacular name false goldenrod comes from the erroneous assignment of the species to the genus Brachychaeta rather than to Solidago, where it belongs.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 165. FNA vol. 20, p. 135.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Brachychaeta
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Synonyms Aster riddellii, Oligoneuron riddellii, S. amplexicaulis Brachychaeta cordata, Brachychaeta sphacelata, Brachyris ovatifolia, S. cordata
Name authority Frank: W. J. Med. Phys. Sci. 8: 499. (1835) Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 14. (1820)
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