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Riddell's goldenrod

Leavenworth's goldenrod

Habit Plants 40–100 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases marcescent (attached to old stems for more than a season). Plants (50–)100–200 cm (solitary or clustered); rhizomes creeping, elongate.
Stems

1–10+, erect, glabrous.

1–10+, erect, scabroso-puberulent proximal to arrays distally, in strips proximal to leaves.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline usually withering by flowering (other rosettes may be present), tapering to long, winged petioles, blades often recurved, linear- lanceolate or -oblanceolate, 100–240 × 8–16 mm, folded along midrib (V-shaped in cross section), bases usually with (2–)3–8 prominent lateral nerves, apices acute to obtuse, faces glabrous;

mid to distal cauline sessile, blades recurved, linear-lanceolate, 50–70 × 8–11 mm, reduced distally, folded, bases with prominent lateral nerves.

basal 0;

mid and distal cauline sometimes numerous (75+), somewhat crowded, sessile, blades (dark green) linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 25–150 × 2–15 mm, margins serrate to entire, scabroso-ciliate, 3-nerved, faces glabrous or with short hairs in lines along nerves.

Peduncles

2.8–4 mm, moderately short-hispido-strigose, lanceolate bracteoles 0–1.

1–5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigillose;

bracteoles 1–3, linear-lanceolate.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, 4.5–6 mm.

narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm.

Ray florets

7–9;

laminae 4.5–5.5 × 0.4–0.5 mm.

10–15;

laminae 2–3 × 0.1–0.6 mm.

Disc florets

6–10;

corollas 4.5–5.2 mm, lobes 0.7–1.8 mm.

6–10;

corollas 3–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.1 mm.

Phyllaries

(14–18) in 3–4 series, unequal, obtuse, broad, striations weak, obtuse to rounded, glabrous.

in 3–4 series, strongly unequal (greenish), outer lanceolate, inner oblong-lanceolate, margins ciliate-fimbriate apically, midnerves swollen apically, apices obtuse to rounded, glabrous.

Heads

30–450 in corymbiform to somewhat paniculiform with rounded corymbiform branches (robust plants) arrays, branches and peduncles strigillose.

50–350, in secund, usually elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved and secund.

Cypselae

1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous;

pappi 3.5–4 mm (apically clavate).

(narrowly obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm (ribbed), sparsely strigillose;

pappi 2.5–3 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 18, 36, 54.

Solidago riddellii

Solidago leavenworthii

Phenology Flowering Sep–Oct. Flowering Nov–Dec.
Habitat Wet prairielike sites and marshy ground Wet soils, thickets, edges of bogs, coastal plain
Elevation 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) 10–40 m (0–100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
IL; IN; MI; MN; MO; OH; WI; MB; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Solidago leavenworthii replaces S. gigantea on the southern, outer Atlantic coastal plain and into Florida. The leaves of S. leavenworthii usually have fewer, smaller serrations than those of S. gigantea, and they have a distinctive dark, somewhat olive green color. The pyramidal array of S. leavenworthii is usually much narrower and elongate while that of S. gigantea is usually broad and not elongate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 165. FNA vol. 20, p. 157.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Synonyms Aster riddellii, Oligoneuron riddellii, S. amplexicaulis Aster leavenworthii
Name authority Frank: W. J. Med. Phys. Sci. 8: 499. (1835) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 223. (1842)
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