Solidago radula
Solidago hispida
rough goldenrod, western rough goldenrod
hairy goldenrod, verge d'or hispide
usually 1–3, ascending to erect, scabrous to loosely puberulent.
1(–5), erect, simple, glabrous or moderately to densely hispido-villous, sometimes hairs appressed.
basal and proximal usually withering by flowering, tapering to long-winged petioles, blades oblanceolate, 30–100 × 7–20(–30) mm, margins serrate or crenate, mid usually largest, apices acute to obtuse, acuminate, faces scabrous;
mid and distal cauline subsessile (1 mm) or sessile, blades (sometimes ± shiny) elliptic to oblanceolate, 10–50 × 5–15(–25) mm, greatly reduced distally, grading into bracts, firm, bases convex-cuneate to rounded, margins finely serrate, often 3-nerved, nerves usually distinct abaxially, faces distinctly scabrous.
basal and proximal cauline tapering to winged petioles, blades broadly oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 35–200 (including petioles) × 15–60 mm, margins serrate or crenate, apices acute, faces sparsely to densely hispido-villous, rarely glabrous;
mid and distal cauline sessile, blades elliptic, 15–30 × 5–7 mm, rapidly reduced distally, margins entire.
0.5–2 mm;
bracteoles 1–5, linear-lanceolate to ovate, minute, grading into phyllaries distally.
1.5–2.5 mm, hispido-villous to canescent.
narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm.
campanulate, 4–6 mm.
4–7;
laminae 2–3.5 × 0.2–0.7 mm.
6–14;
laminae 1.5–4.5 × 0.5–1 mm.
4–6;
corollas 3 mm, lobes 1 mm.
6–12;
corollas 3–4.5 mm, lobes 0.6–1.2 mm.
in 3–4 series, unequal, oblong, midnerves swollen distally, obtuse or acute to slightly acuminate.
in 3–4 series, appressed, strongly unequal, midribs and tips conspicuously green, margins white, scarious, apices obtuse, glabrous or moderately strigose.
20–260, in paniculiform arrays, narrowly to broadly secund, pyramidal, branches recurved, secund.
8–250+ in usually wand-paniculiform arrays of short axillary and terminal racemiform, non-secund clusters, sometimes proximal branches elongated, ascending and bearing short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters.
1.5–2.5 mm, sparsely to moderately short-strigose;
pappi 3 mm.
(narrowly obconic) 1–2.5 mm, glabrous;
pappi 2.5–4 mm (sometimes distinctly clavate).
= 18, 36.
= 18.
Solidago radula
Solidago hispida
Solidago radula is disjunct in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. J. R. Beaudry (1969) reported a diploid from Smithville, Dekalb County, Tennessee; that has not been confirmed.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Ray floret color can fade with time, both in the field and on dried specimens, making it difficult to distinguish Solidago hispida from S. bicolor, in which it has sometimes been included. The latter tends to have slightly broader phyllaries and more obviously clavate pappus bristles. The two co-occur in some populations but do not appear to form hybrid swarms with a range in ray corolla color. Three varieties have been described on the basis of growth and pubescence features and are sometimes recognized. These may represent only extremes in continua of variation. Variety lanata has densely villous stems and leaves; such plants occur scattered through much of the range of the species. Two glabrous-stemmed varieties have been described; plants of var. tonsa are relatively small and were first described from Newfoundland; var. huronensis includes relatively tall glabrous plants found growing in sand dunes along the shore of Lake Huron in Michigan and Ontario. The latter plants have been treated as var. tonsa but the name is misapplied. Other varietal names are based on minor variations.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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