Flora of North America species comparison

usually 1–3, ascending to erect, scabrous to loosely puberulent.

1–3, terete, shallowly multicostate, glabrous, sparsely to moderately hirtellous distally (arrays).

basal and proximal usually withering by flowering, tapering to long-winged petioles, blades oblanceolate, 30–100 × 7–20(–30) mm, margins serrate or crenate, mid usually largest, apices acute to obtuse, acuminate, faces scabrous;

mid and distal cauline subsessile (1 mm) or sessile, blades (sometimes ± shiny) elliptic to oblanceolate, 10–50 × 5–15(–25) mm, greatly reduced distally, grading into bracts, firm, bases convex-cuneate to rounded, margins finely serrate, often 3-nerved, nerves usually distinct abaxially, faces distinctly scabrous.

basal and proximal cauline winged-petiolate;

blades mostly spatulate to oblanceolate, 100–150 × 15–32 mm, tapering, margins distally coarsely but shallowly serrate, apices acute to narrowly rounded, often narrowed to short, often brown callused tips;

mid to distal cauline progressively more narrowly oblanceolate and acute, then to elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, 35–60 × 6–10 mm, reduced distally, grading into widely ascending to spreading or reflexed bracts;

faces abaxially pale, midnerves raised, deep green, level reticulum of branch nerves, margins entire, ciliate, adaxially deep green with only impressed midnerve evident.

0.5–2 mm;

bracteoles 1–5, linear-lanceolate to ovate, minute, grading into phyllaries distally.

stiffly, widely ascending, angulate, slightly compressed, stubby-bracteolate;

bracts grading into phyllaries, sparsely hirtellous.

narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm.

turbinate, 8–12 mm.

4–7;

laminae 2–3.5 × 0.2–0.7 mm.

6–10;

laminae 3–4 mm.

4–6;

corollas 3 mm, lobes 1 mm.

11–14;

corollas 6 mm, lobes ca. 2 mm.

in 3–4 series, unequal, oblong, midnerves swollen distally, obtuse or acute to slightly acuminate.

(in 3–4 series) 1–1.3 mm wide, unequal, pilose-ciliate;

outer mostly green, oblong, blunt, inner spatulate or linear-oblanceolate.

20–260, in paniculiform arrays, narrowly to broadly secund, pyramidal, branches recurved, secund.

10–50 (1–5+ per branch), in racemiform or narrowly paniculiform arrays, mostly with primary branches widely to narrowly ascending, proximalmost usually longest.

1.5–2.5 mm, sparsely to moderately short-strigose;

pappi 3 mm.

cylindric to somewhat compressed-obconic, 1.5–4 mm, typically 5-ribbed, glabrous, abruptly narrowed to short “neck” surmounted by narrow, brownish pappus disc;

pappi (white) 3–4 mm.

= 18, 36.

= 36.