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prairie goldenrod, upland white aster, verge-d'or faux-ptarmica, white flat-top goldenrod

Gorge goldenrod

Habit Plants 10–40 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases marcescent (attached to old stems for more than a season). Plants 75–150 cm; caudices branching.
Stems

1–20+, erect, slender, glabrous proximally, hispid distally.

1, erect, glabrous proximal to (and usually into proximal portions of) arrays.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline persistent, subpetiolate to sessile, blades sometimes 3-nerved, linear to linear-lanceolate, 60–100 × 7–10 mm, stiff, flat, margins entire or subentire, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy;

mid to distal cauline sessile, blades linear oblanceolate to linear, 20–40 × 3–5 mm, reduced distally, margins entire.

basal and proximal present at flowering, abruptly tapering to winged petioles, blades ovate, 100–200 × 80–120 mm, broadly tapering to truncate or slightly cordate (rarely) bases, margins singly or doubly serrate (teeth 1–3(–6) mm);

mid to distal cauline subsessile to sessile, blades lanceolate, 130–200 × 45–85 mm, progressively reduced distally, margins serrate (teeth 1–3 mm), abaxially glabrous, adaxially scabrous-hispidulous at least along margins.

Peduncles

29–36.5 mm, strigillose;

bracteoles linear.

2–5 mm (4–13 mm on South Carolina plants).

Involucres

5–6 mm.

campanulate, 4.5–6(–7) mm.

Ray florets

10–20, usually white, rarely pale yellow (conspicuous);

laminae 7–7.3 × 1.4–1.6 mm.

4–6;

laminae 2.2–3.5 × 0.8–1.7 mm.

Disc florets

30–36;

corollas 3.8–4.1 mm, lobes 0.5–0.7 mm.

5–7(–11);

corollas 4–5.6 mm, lobes 1.6–2.5 mm.

Phyllaries

in 4–5 series, usually prominently 1-nerved, linear, strongly unequal, outer acute, inner acute to obtuse, glabrous.

(10–18) in 4–6 series, ascending, lanceolate, broadly acute to obtuse, glabrous except for fimbriate-ciliate margins towards tip.

Heads

1–25(–50), in corymbiform arrays.

40–70, inconspicuously secund on longer branches, appearing fasciculate on shorter branches, borne in variable arrays, mostly narrow elongate and secund, consisting of axillary and terminal racemiform branches, or wider and compound, consisting of multiple array branches, proximally leafy-bracted, branches and peduncles (2.5–)4(–13) cm, hairy.

Cypselae

(obconic) 1–1.5 mm (ribbed), glabrous;

pappi 3.4–4 mm (apically clavate).

2.5–3.2 mm, short hairy at least on distal half;

pappi 3–4.7 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 90.

Solidago ptarmicoides

Solidago faucibus

Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct. Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat Dry, sandy, usually calcareous soils, cracks in rocks, limestone pavements, rocky outcrops, grassy slopes, prairies Mesic deciduous forests and hardwood-hemlock stands on stream terraces and adjacent proximal slopes (especially rocky, often with seepage), limestone river bluffs, mixed hardwoods over mafic rock
Elevation 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) 300–700 m (1000–2300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; CT; IA; IL; IN; MI; MN; MO; MT; NH; NY; OH; OK; SC; SD; VT; WI; WY; MB; ON; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
KY; SC; VA; WV
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

L. Brouillet and J. C. Semple (1981) summarized the morphologic, chemical, cytological, and hybridization data on Solidago ptarmicoides and concluded that, except for the white rays, it is a typical member of sect. Ptarmicoidei. The species hybridizes with S. rigida, S. ohioensis, S. riddellii, and perhaps other goldenrods. It is not known to hybridize with any species of aster (regardless of genus); the supposed Aster × Solidago hybrids are the basis of all reports of intergeneric hybrids in the literature. Horticultural hybrids involving S. ptarmicoides and other Solidago species have been treated as S. ×luteus (M. L. Green ex Dress) Brouillet & Semple (×Solidaster luteus M. L. Green ex Dress). Solidago ×bernardii B. Boivin [Oligoneuron ×bernardii (B. Boivin) G. L. Nesom] is the formal name applied to S. ptarmicoides × S. riddellii hybrids; those have cream rays. Solidago ×lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) B. Boivin [Diplopappus lutescens Lindley ex de Candolle; D. albus var. lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) Hooker ex Torrey & A. Gray; Aster lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) Hooker ex Torrey & A. Gray; A. ptarmicoides var. lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) A. Gray; Oligoneuron ×lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) G. L. Nesom] applies to hybrids between S. ptarmicoides and S. rigida or S. riddellii from the prairies; these also have cream colored rays.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the Appalachian Plateau and Ridge and Valley physiographic provinces, Solidago faucibus shows a marked preference for gorgelike areas where rivers and creeks are entrenched in the surrounding terrain. It occurs in much more mesic sites than other taxa in the S. arguta complex.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 164. FNA vol. 20, p. 132.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Argutae
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Synonyms Aster ptarmicoides, Diplopappus albus, Diplopappus ptarmicoides, Doellingeria ptarmicoides, Eucephalus albus, Heleastrum album, Inula alba, Oligoneuron album, S. asteroides, Unamia alba, Unamia ptarmicoides
Name authority (Torrey & A. Gray) B. Boivin: Phytologia 23: 21. (1972) Wieboldt: Sida 20: 1596, fig. 1. (2003)
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