Flora of North America species comparison

1–20(–50+), stout, finely puberulent or scabrous-puberulent at least distally.

1–40+, usually short-hairy throughout, sometimes proximally glabrescent.

basal absent at flowering;

cauline sessile to short-petiolate;

blades usually lanceolate-elliptic or ovate, sometimes linear-lanceolate, 30–150 × 5–30 mm, thick and firm, margins entire or few toothed, somewhat to much reduced distally, abaxial faces sometimes resinous and shiny, glabrous or strigillose (hairs mostly 0.1–1.4 mm), adaxial glabrous or scabrous.

basal 0;

proximal cauline usually withering by flowering;

sessile or subpetiolate, tapering to bases;

blades oblanceolate, 95–150 × 16–20 mm, relatively thick and firm, entire to serrate along distal 1/2, strongly 3-nerved, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces finely strigose, more so along nerves, adaxial ± scabrous;

mid to distal cauline blades oblanceolate (proximally) to lanceolate (distally), mid (30–)45–100(–170) × (5–)7–16(–25) mm, much reduced distally [(15–)25–55 × (3–)4.5–10(–17) mm], margins finely serrate (teeth 0–6(–14) per side on mid), distally usually becoming entire or remotely serrulate, adaxial faces ± scabrous, abaxial moderately strigillose, densely villoso-strigillose along nerves, distal sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular.

mostly 2–15 mm, bracteolate, sparsely to densely short hispid-strigose.

1–3.5 mm, moderately densely short hispiduloso-strigillose, sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular;

bracteoles linear, sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular.

campanulate, 4.5–7.5 mm.

narrowly campanulate, 2.5–4.5 mm.

(5–)7–9;

laminae 3–7 × 1–2 mm.

(5–)8–13(–17);

laminae 0.7–1.5(–2) × 0.1–0.4(–0.5) mm.

(8–)10–16;

corollas 4–5 mm, lobes ca. 1–2 mm.

(2–)3–6(–9);

corollas usually 2.3–3.6 mm, lobes 0.5–0.9(–1.2) mm.

in 3–4 series, unequal, linear-lanceolate, acute to attenuate, ± squarrose-tipped, glabrous or moderately strigose, sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular, sometimes viscid.

in ca. 3 series, strongly unequal;

outer lanceolate, acute, inner linear-lanceolate, margins rarely minutely stipitate-glandular, apices acute to obtuse.

10–190+ in paniculiform (rarely racemiform) arrays, usually elongate, usually leafy-bracteate, bracts similar to distal leaves but reduced;

branches stiffly ascending, not secund, sometimes elongate.

(15–)100–1200+, secund, in secund, pyramidal, paniculiform arrays, branches divergent and recurved, sometimes ascending-divergent, sometimes merely club-shaped thyrsiform in small plants, 5–30 × 2–25 cm (often 1.5–2 times as long as wide in southern plants).

3–4 mm, glabrous or glabrate;

pappi ca. 4 mm.

(narrowly obconic) 0.5–1.5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigillose;

pappi 2.5–3.5 mm.

= 18, 36, 54.