Solidago nemoralis |
Solidago leavenworthii |
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Canada goldenrod, dyersweed goldenrod, field goldenrod, gray goldenrod, gray or gray-stem or old-field goldenrod, verge d'or des bois |
Leavenworth's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 20–100 cm; caudices short-branched. | Plants (50–)100–200 cm (solitary or clustered); rhizomes creeping, elongate. | ||||
Stems | 1–6(–10), erect, short-canescent (hairs ascending to appressed). |
1–10+, erect, scabroso-puberulent proximal to arrays distally, in strips proximal to leaves. |
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Leaves | basal and proximal cauline tapering to long, winged petioles, blades spatulate-ovate to oblanceolate, 20–95 × 7–15 mm, margins crenate to entire, apices acute, faces densely puberulent; mid and distal cauline (sometimes subtending axillary tufts of lateral branch leaves) sessile, blades linear-oblanceolate, 16–45 × 3–7 mm, reduced distally, margins entire. |
basal 0; mid and distal cauline sometimes numerous (75+), somewhat crowded, sessile, blades (dark green) linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 25–150 × 2–15 mm, margins serrate to entire, scabroso-ciliate, 3-nerved, faces glabrous or with short hairs in lines along nerves. |
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Peduncles | 2–3.5 mm, bracteoles 0–4, linear. |
1–5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigillose; bracteoles 1–3, linear-lanceolate. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 2.6–5.8 mm. |
narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm. |
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Ray florets | 5–11; laminae 2.8–5.5 × 0.3–0.7 mm. |
10–15; laminae 2–3 × 0.1–0.6 mm. |
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Disc florets | 3–10; 2.5–4.6 mm, lobes 0.4-0.6 mm. |
6–10; corollas 3–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.1 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3 series, ovate to linear-lanceolate, unequal, outer acute, inner obtuse. |
in 3–4 series, strongly unequal (greenish), outer lanceolate, inner oblong-lanceolate, margins ciliate-fimbriate apically, midnerves swollen apically, apices obtuse to rounded, glabrous. |
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Heads | 10–300, secund, in wandlike pyramidal, paniculiform arrays, secund to apically recurved, 8–25 × 2.5–10 cm, sometimes proximal branches elongate, repeating pattern. |
50–350, in secund, usually elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved and secund. |
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Cypselae | (obconic) 0.5–2 mm, strigose; pappi 2–4 mm. |
(narrowly obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm (ribbed), sparsely strigillose; pappi 2.5–3 mm. |
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2n | = 18, 36, 54. |
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Solidago nemoralis |
Solidago leavenworthii |
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Phenology | Flowering Nov–Dec. | |||||
Habitat | Wet soils, thickets, edges of bogs, coastal plain | |||||
Elevation | 10–40 m (0–100 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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AL; FL; GA; NC; SC
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). The arrays can be elongate with ends bent nearly 90–180°. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solidago leavenworthii replaces S. gigantea on the southern, outer Atlantic coastal plain and into Florida. The leaves of S. leavenworthii usually have fewer, smaller serrations than those of S. gigantea, and they have a distinctive dark, somewhat olive green color. The pyramidal array of S. leavenworthii is usually much narrower and elongate while that of S. gigantea is usually broad and not elongate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 159. | FNA vol. 20, p. 157. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Nemorales | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Aster leavenworthii | |||||
Name authority | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 3: 213. (1789) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 223. (1842) | ||||
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