Solidago lepida |
Solidago ptarmicoides |
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Canada goldenrod, Rocky Mountain goldenrod, verge d'or élégante, western Canada goldenrod, western goldenrod |
prairie goldenrod, upland white aster, verge-d'or faux-ptarmica, white flat-top goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 25–150 cm; rhizomes short to long creeping, forming few- to many-stemmed clones. | Plants 10–40 cm; caudices branching; vascular bundles and petiole bases marcescent (attached to old stems for more than a season). | ||||||||
Stems | 1–25 (–50+), erect, proximally glabrous or sparsely to moderately canescent-villous, distally densely so. |
1–20+, erect, slender, glabrous proximally, hispid distally. |
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Leaves | basal 0; proximal cauline sessile, blades narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, 100–150 × 15–23 mm, tapering to bases, margins subentire to coarsely sharply serrate, 3-nerved, sometimes obscurely so, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrate to sparsely short villous, adaxial glabrous; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (50–)90–120(–150) × (7–) 11–23(–35) mm, largest near mid stem, then somewhat reduced distally in arrays, margins sharply and coarsely to finely serrate or entire, usually becoming less serrate near arrays, faces glabrous or sparsely strigoso-villous, more so along abaxial nerves, distalmost (below arrays) sometimes sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate-glandular. |
basal and proximal cauline persistent, subpetiolate to sessile, blades sometimes 3-nerved, linear to linear-lanceolate, 60–100 × 7–10 mm, stiff, flat, margins entire or subentire, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades linear oblanceolate to linear, 20–40 × 3–5 mm, reduced distally, margins entire. |
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Peduncles | 1–4 mm, villoso-hirtellous, sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular; bracteoles 0–2, linear-lanceolate, sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular. |
29–36.5 mm, strigillose; bracteoles linear. |
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Involucres | campanulate, (2–)2.3–3.8(–5) mm. |
5–6 mm. |
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Ray florets | (7–)10–16(–22); laminae (0.5–)0.9–1.6(–2.2) × ca. 0.2–0.5 mm. |
10–20, usually white, rarely pale yellow (conspicuous); laminae 7–7.3 × 1.4–1.6 mm. |
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Disc florets | (2–)5–9(–13); corollas ca. (2–) 2.5–3.8(–5) mm, lobes (0.4–)0.6–1(–1.4) mm. |
30–36; corollas 3.8–4.1 mm, lobes 0.5–0.7 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, deltate-lanceolate, unequal (outer 1/4–1/2 length of inner), margins sparsely villoso-ciliate, sometimes minutely stipitate-glandular apically or basally, apices acute to attenuate, glabrous or sparsely to moderately, minutely stipitate-glandular apically, sometimes over much of faces. |
in 4–5 series, usually prominently 1-nerved, linear, strongly unequal, outer acute, inner acute to obtuse, glabrous. |
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Heads | 14–800+, in sometimes secund, broadly thyrsiform or secund pyramidal arrays, usually leafy proximally, branches ascending or sometimes arching-spreading, leaves often minutely stipitate-glandular. |
1–25(–50), in corymbiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 0.6–1.2 mm, strigillose; pappi 2.5–3.3 mm. |
(obconic) 1–1.5 mm (ribbed), glabrous; pappi 3.4–4 mm (apically clavate). |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago lepida |
Solidago ptarmicoides |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct. | |||||||||
Habitat | Dry, sandy, usually calcareous soils, cracks in rocks, limestone pavements, rocky outcrops, grassy slopes, prairies | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
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CO; CT; IA; IL; IN; MI; MN; MO; MT; NH; NY; OH; OK; SC; SD; VT; WI; WY; MB; ON; QC; SK
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Solidago lepida is the only member of subsect. Triplinerviae that is nearly always minutely, sometimes sparsely, stipitate-glandular in the arrays. These glands can be very small and visible only with 30–70× magnification. The enlarged head of the stalked gland may be little bigger than a pollen grain. The species occurs in the west from the Aleutian Islands and central Alaska south just into northern California, and in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico. Its range extends across Canada to Newfoundland, the Gaspé (Quebec), and northern New Brunswick. It also appears to be introduced at scattered locations across the Canadian prairies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
L. Brouillet and J. C. Semple (1981) summarized the morphologic, chemical, cytological, and hybridization data on Solidago ptarmicoides and concluded that, except for the white rays, it is a typical member of sect. Ptarmicoidei. The species hybridizes with S. rigida, S. ohioensis, S. riddellii, and perhaps other goldenrods. It is not known to hybridize with any species of aster (regardless of genus); the supposed Aster × Solidago hybrids are the basis of all reports of intergeneric hybrids in the literature. Horticultural hybrids involving S. ptarmicoides and other Solidago species have been treated as S. ×luteus (M. L. Green ex Dress) Brouillet & Semple (×Solidaster luteus M. L. Green ex Dress). Solidago ×bernardii B. Boivin [Oligoneuron ×bernardii (B. Boivin) G. L. Nesom] is the formal name applied to S. ptarmicoides × S. riddellii hybrids; those have cream rays. Solidago ×lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) B. Boivin [Diplopappus lutescens Lindley ex de Candolle; D. albus var. lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) Hooker ex Torrey & A. Gray; Aster lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) Hooker ex Torrey & A. Gray; A. ptarmicoides var. lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) A. Gray; Oligoneuron ×lutescens (Lindley ex de Candolle) G. L. Nesom] applies to hybrids between S. ptarmicoides and S. rigida or S. riddellii from the prairies; these also have cream colored rays. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 155. | FNA vol. 20, p. 164. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Ptarmicoidei | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Aster lepidus, S. canadensis var. lepida | Aster ptarmicoides, Diplopappus albus, Diplopappus ptarmicoides, Doellingeria ptarmicoides, Eucephalus albus, Heleastrum album, Inula alba, Oligoneuron album, S. asteroides, Unamia alba, Unamia ptarmicoides | ||||||||
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 339. (1836) | (Torrey & A. Gray) B. Boivin: Phytologia 23: 21. (1972) | ||||||||
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