Solidago leavenworthii
Solidago villosicarpa
Leavenworth's goldenrod
glandular wand goldenrod, hairy-seed goldenrod
1–10+, erect, scabroso-puberulent proximal to arrays distally, in strips proximal to leaves.
usually single, erect (proximally medium to dark brown distally lighter, sometimes cyanotic, usually rounded, shallowly many ribbed), sparsely finely hispido-strigose proximally to densely so in arrays.
basal 0;
mid and distal cauline sometimes numerous (75+), somewhat crowded, sessile, blades (dark green) linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 25–150 × 2–15 mm, margins serrate to entire, scabroso-ciliate, 3-nerved, faces glabrous or with short hairs in lines along nerves.
rosettes often present at flowering, early leaves smaller;
basal and proximal cauline gradually to abruptly tapering to winged petioles, blades elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 90–210 (including petioles) × 40–70 mm, margins serrate-serrulate, ciliate, apices obtuse to broadly acute, faces abaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, adaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, mostly on nerves;
mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate or elliptic, 20–650 × 10–30 mm, gradually reduced distally, becoming entire, apices acute to acuminate.
1–5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigillose;
bracteoles 1–3, linear-lanceolate.
0.5–11 mm, densely short hispido-strigose;
bracteoles 5–10+, grading into phyllaries, sparsely short hispido-strigose and sparsely to moderately glandular.
narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm.
campanulate, 5–8 mm.
10–15;
laminae 2–3 × 0.1–0.6 mm.
4–8;
laminae 5–7 × 1–2 mm.
6–10;
corollas 3–4 mm, lobes 0.6–1.1 mm.
10–18;
corollas 5–7 mm, lobes 1.5–2.2 mm.
in 3–4 series, strongly unequal (greenish), outer lanceolate, inner oblong-lanceolate, margins ciliate-fimbriate apically, midnerves swollen apically, apices obtuse to rounded, glabrous.
in 4–5 series, appressed, strongly unequal, outer ovate, acute, mid and inner broadly oblong (appressed), obtuse or rounded, sparsely strigose and moderately finely stipitate-glandular.
50–350, in secund, usually elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved and secund.
50–100+ (1–10 per branch, more on much elongated proximal branches), in elongate to thyrsiform-paniculiform arrays 7–22 × 3–6 cm;
branches ascending, racemiform or paniculiform, not secund, longest to 1/2 length of arrays.
(narrowly obconic) 1.1–1.5 mm (ribbed), sparsely strigillose;
pappi 2.5–3 mm.
(fusiform to obconic) 2.5–3 mm, moderately long-strigose;
pappi 4–6 mm (some clavate).
= 18, 36, 54.
Solidago leavenworthii
Solidago villosicarpa
Solidago leavenworthii replaces S. gigantea on the southern, outer Atlantic coastal plain and into Florida. The leaves of S. leavenworthii usually have fewer, smaller serrations than those of S. gigantea, and they have a distinctive dark, somewhat olive green color. The pyramidal array of S. leavenworthii is usually much narrower and elongate while that of S. gigantea is usually broad and not elongate.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Of conservation concern.
Solidago villosicarpa is known only from New Hanover, Onslow, and Pender counties. It has a habit similar to those of S. hispida and S. squarrosa, leaves similar to those of S. erecta, and stem pubescence similar to that of S. puberula. The large, glandular involucres are unique within subsect. Squarrosae. It was compared to S. sciaphila when first described; it is not very similar to that Midwestern species. It is likely either a large-headed diploid like S. squarrosa or possibly an allopolyploid.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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