Solidago elongata |
Solidago wrightii |
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Cascade Canada goldenrod, narrow goldenrod, west coast Canada goldenrod, west coast goldenrod, west coast or Cascade Canada goldenrod |
Wright's goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 25–150 cm; rhizomes short to long creeping, forming few- to many-stemmed clones. | Plants 20–110 cm; caudices branched, thick, and woody or rhizomes short, woody. |
Stems | 1–20+, erect, proximally sparsely to moderately strigoso-villous, distally usually moderately to densely so. |
1–30+, simple, sparsely to densely puberulent proximally to densely so in arrays. |
Leaves | basal 0; proximal cauline sessile, blades narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, 35–75(–100) × (6–)7.5–14(–20) mm, proximal much smaller, tapering to bases, margins subentire or finely serrulate to coarsely, sharply serrate (teeth 0–9 per side), ciliate, 3-nerved, sometimes obscurely so, apices acute, abaxial faces glabrate to sparsely short-strigose, adaxial glabrous; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades oblanceolate, becoming lanceolate distally, 20–60 × 4–8(–11) mm, largest near mid stem, somewhat to much reduced distally, margins entire or finely serrulate, rarely serrate (teeth 1–8 per side), usually becoming entire to sparsely serrulate distally, ciliate, apices acute, faces glabrous or sparsely strigoso-villous, more so along abaxial nerves. |
basal and proximal winged-petiolate-subpetiolate (poorly differentiated), blades to winged petioles; blades oblanceolate, largest to 8 cm, usually smaller, gradually attenuate, margins entire, slightly undulate, sparsely to moderately soft-puberulent, somewhat viscid (stipitate-glands very small); mostly withering by flowering, new rosettes sometimes present; cauline petiolate (petioles 0.5–1 mm), blades (linear) elliptic proximally to (narrowly) lanceolate or ovate distally, largest 50–80 × 15–25 mm, reduced distally and becoming more ovate, 15–20 mm in arrays, margins entire or serrulate. |
Peduncles | 2–7 mm, sparsely to moderately short strigoso-villous; bracteoles 1–3, linear, rarely minutely stipitate-glandular. |
0.5–5(–2.5) mm, densely short hispid-canescent, sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular, ± viscid; bracts small, grading into phyllaries. |
Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm. |
broadly campanulate, (3.5–)4–5(–5.5) mm. |
Ray florets | (8–)11–15(–17); laminae 1–2.5 × 0.1–0.4(–0.7) mm. |
6–10; laminae ca. 3–5 × 1–2 mm. |
Disc florets | (3–)5–11(–16); corollas 2.6–3.7(–4) mm, lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. |
10–20; corollas 3–4 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal, margins sparsely long ciliate, acute, faces glabrous, rarely sparsely minutely stipitate-glandular; outer lanceolate, inner linear-lanceolate. |
in 2–3 series, unequal, oblong to linear-lanceolate, acute to attenuate, sparsely to moderately strigose, especially distally, sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular, ± viscid. |
Heads | 12–500+, sometimes secund, in short to long, thyrsiform or narrowly secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays, usually congested, club-shaped to rarely wand-shaped, (2.5–) 10–20 × (2–)4–8(–10) cm, branches usually ascending or sometimes arching spreading. |
1–140, not secund, in thyrsiform-paniculiform arrays, sometimes compact, nearly as wide as tall, and rounded, sometimes appearing almost rounded corymbiform, proximal branches sometimes much elongate, not secund, spreading to ascending. |
Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 1–1.5 mm, sparsely to moderately strigose; pappi 2.5–3.3 mm. |
1.5–2.5 mm, ± moderately short-strigose; pappi 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 18, 36. |
= 18. |
Solidago elongata |
Solidago wrightii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Sandy, gravelly soils, coastal headlands, thickets, open woods, meadows, along streams and creeks | Open oak-pine woods and rocky open slopes, disturbed ground |
Elevation | 0–2800 m (0–9200 ft) | 1000–2700 m (3300–8900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; CO; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora, Coahuila)
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Discussion | In California, coastal plants of Solidago elongata often have thicker leaves; those of the Sierras are often membranous and obscurely triple-nerved. This species can be similar to S. lepida, which usually has much larger distal cauline leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In Texas, Solidago wrightii grows primarily in the trans-Pecos region. It is one of the few usually obviously stipitate-glandular, viscid goldenrods; the stipitate glands are minute when present on other species. Two varieties have been recognized on degree of glandularity; these grade into each other to such a degree that their recognition does not appear warranted. The few plants seen from northeastern New Mexico and westernmost Oklahoma are possible variants of S. petiolaris, but overall they fit better in S. wrightii. A detailed morphometric study of this and the next two species is needed to resolve ambiguous species limits on the western Great Plains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 154. | FNA vol. 20, p. 117. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Thyrsiflorae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. canadensis subsp. elongata, S. caurina, S. elongata var. microcephala, S. lepida var. caurina, S. lepida var. elongata | Aster brittonii, S. bigelovii, S. bigelovii var. wrightii, S. wrightii var. adenophora |
Name authority | Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 327. (1841) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 16: 80. (1881) |
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