Solidago brachyphylla |
Solidago velutina |
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Dixie goldenrod |
California goldenrod, three-nerve goldenrod, velvety goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 50–120 cm; rhizomes short, caudexlike. | Plants (forming diffuse clones) 15–80 (–150) cm; rhizomes creeping, slender. | ||||
Stems | 1–5, sparsely to moderately strigoso-puberulent. |
1 (at ends of rhizomes), ascending to erect, glabrate proximally to sparsely to densely strigoso-puberulent distally. |
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Leaves | basal petioles 3–5 cm, blades oblanceolate or spatulate to ovate or rotund, 2–4 cm (excluding petioles); cauline (numerous) subsessile or sessile, blades elliptic or lance-elliptic to ovate, mid mostly 25–50(–65) × 10–25 mm, distal much reduced; branch leaf petioles 1 mm, blades ovate, 5–15 (excluding petioles) × 2–10 mm. |
basal and proximal cauline often persisting to flowering, gradually tapering to winged petioles, blades linear oblanceolate to oblanceolate, rarely spatulate, 50–120 × 8–30 mm, proximalmost much smaller, margins entire to sharply serrate, faces glabrate to moderately scabroso-strigose; mid and distal cauline sessile or subsessille, blades elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, 10–50 × 3–12 mm, mid tapering to bases, somewhat to strongly 3-nerved, largest, usually much reduced distally, margins entire or sometimes distally serrate, apices acute, faces sparsely to densely strigoso-puberulent, sometimes softly so. |
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Peduncles | linear, 1–3 mm, bracteate. |
1–6 mm, sparsely to densely strigillose; bracteoles 0–5, sometimes clustered near to and grading into phyllaries, linear-lanceolate. |
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Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm. |
campanulate, 3.5–6 mm. |
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Ray florets | 0(–2). |
6–12; laminae 2.9–6.3 × 0.3–0.7(–1) mm. |
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Disc florets | 4–8; corollas 3 mm, lobes 1 mm. |
5–17; corollas 3.5–6 mm, lobes 0.8–1.7 mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, lanceolate, strongly unequal, margins ciliate, apices acute, glabrous. |
in 3–5 series, lanceolate to oblong, strongly unequal, acute or sometimes obtuse, glabrous or sparsely strigillose. |
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Heads | 75–200 in open paniculiform arrays, branches divaricate, ascending to recurved, weakly to strongly secund, to 50 cm, secondary branches less than 3 cm. |
(2–)30–500, in narrow to broad, thyrsiform to secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved, secund, congested to lax. |
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Cypselae | 2.5–3 mm, moderately short-strigose; pappi 2 mm. |
0.7–2.7 mm, sparsely to densely strigillose; pappi 2.5–4.7 mm. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Solidago brachyphylla |
Solidago velutina |
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Phenology | Flowering (Sep–)Oct(–Nov). | |||||
Habitat | Open woods, coastal plain, and piedmont | |||||
Elevation | 10–100+ m (0–300+ ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; NC; SC
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; NV; OR; TX; WY; Mexico
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Discussion | Solidago brachyphylla possibly occurs also in Mississippi. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). G. L. Nesom (1993b) merged Solidago californica, S. sparsiflora, and S. velutina without recognizing any infraspecific taxa, as did A. Cronquist (1994). J. C. Semple et al. (1990) compared S. californica and S. sparsiflora to S. nemoralis and found that all three are significantly different in a multivariate analysis. Evidence for separating the two subspecies of S. nemoralis was greater than the support for separating S. californica and S. sparsiflora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 133. | FNA vol. 20, p. 160. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Argutae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Nemorales | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | S. boottii var. brachyphylla, S. pallescens | Aster velutinus | ||||
Name authority | Chapman ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 218. (1842) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 332. (1836) | ||||
Web links |