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Dixie goldenrod

pine-barren goldenrod

Habit Plants 50–120 cm; rhizomes short, caudexlike. Plants 50–150 cm; rhizomes creeping, elongated, sparsely scaly.
Stems

1–5, sparsely to moderately strigoso-puberulent.

1–20+, erect (stout), conspicuously spreading-hirsute, at least distally.

Leaves

basal petioles 3–5 cm, blades oblanceolate or spatulate to ovate or rotund, 2–4 cm (excluding petioles);

cauline (numerous) subsessile or sessile, blades elliptic or lance-elliptic to ovate, mid mostly 25–50(–65) × 10–25 mm, distal much reduced;

branch leaf petioles 1 mm, blades ovate, 5–15 (excluding petioles) × 2–10 mm.

basal and proximal cauline usually withering by flowering except on new shoots, tapering to broadly winged petioles, blades oblanceolate, 30–50 × 8–15 mm, rapidly increasing in size distally, margins shallowly serrate, scabroso-strigose, faces often more densely hairy than distal;

mid to distal cauline numerous, crowded, sessile, blades lanceolate-ovate to elliptic-oblong, larger ones 35–120 × 8–35 mm, much reduced distally, bases broad and ± clasping, margins obscurely serrulate or entire, faces usually moderately hirsuto-villous on midnerves, often less so abaxially, adaxial sparsely strigose or glabrous.

Peduncles

linear, 1–3 mm, bracteate.

2–8 mm, sparsely to moderately strigillose;

bracteoles 1–3, linear to linear-lanceolate, tending to group proximal to involucres, sometimes grading into phyllaries.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm.

narrowly campanulate, 3.5–5.5 mm.

Ray florets

0(–2).

(2–)4–10;

laminae 1.2–2.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm.

Disc florets

4–8;

corollas 3 mm, lobes 1 mm.

(2–)4–7;

corollas 4–5 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm.

Phyllaries

in 3–4 series, lanceolate, strongly unequal, margins ciliate, apices acute, glabrous.

in 4–5 series, unequal, glabrous;

outer narrowly ovate-lanceolate, mid and inner linear-lanceolate.

Heads

75–200 in open paniculiform arrays, branches divaricate, ascending to recurved, weakly to strongly secund, to 50 cm, secondary branches less than 3 cm.

35–500, in paniculiform arrays, usually dense, branches recurved-secund.

Cypselae

2.5–3 mm, moderately short-strigose;

pappi 2 mm.

(narrowly obconic) 1.5–1.8 mm, sparsely strigillose, sometimes only apically;

pappi 3–4 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Solidago brachyphylla

Solidago fistulosa

Phenology Flowering (Sep–)Oct(–Nov). Flowering Aug–Oct(–Nov; year-round s).
Habitat Open woods, coastal plain, and piedmont Mostly wetter sandy soils, seepage areas, boggy grounds, edges of marshes and thickets, open pine woodlands, roadside ditches
Elevation 10–100+ m (0–300+ ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; PA; SC; VA; NS
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Solidago brachyphylla possibly occurs also in Mississippi.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Solidago fistulosa grows mainly on the coastal plains. It was introduced at Stone Mountain, Georgia. Solidago pyramidata Pursh may be a synonym of S. fistulosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 133. FNA vol. 20, p. 147.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Argutae > ser. Argutae Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Venosae > ser. Venosae
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. tortifolia, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. boottii var. brachyphylla, S. pallescens Aster fistulosus, S. aspericaulis
Name authority Chapman ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 218. (1842) Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8., Solidago no. 19. (1768)
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