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bhankatiya, devil's fig, fausse aubergine, kausoni, prickly solanum, terongan, turkey berry

sticky nightshade, viscid nightshade

Habit Shrubs or trees, erect, sparsely to moderately armed, 1–4 m, prickles brownish, straight to recurved, 3–7 mm, moderately to densely pubescent, hairs sessile to short-stalked, stellate, 4–8-rayed, central ray shorter than or equal to lateral rays, moderately pubescent with unbranched, glandular hairs on inflorescences and calyces. Herbs, annual, erect, sparsely to moderately armed, 1–1.5 m, prickles yellow, straight or curved, 1–15 mm, densely pubescent, hairs unbranched, glandular and stellate, sessile, 4–7-rayed, central ray glandular or eglandular, longer than lateral rays.
Leaves

petiolate;

petiole 1–5 cm;

blade simple, ovate to elliptic, 7–23 × 4–14 cm, margins subentire to coarsely lobed with 3–4 lobes per side, lobe margins entire to coarsely lobed, base truncate to subcordate and asymmetrical.

petiolate;

petiole 2–5 cm;

blade simple to compound, broadly ovate, 8–15 × 3–8.5 cm, margins deeply lobed to divided with 4–7 lobes or leaflets per side, lobes or leaflets with rounded to acute lobes, base acute or cordate.

Inflorescences

extra-axillary, unbranched or branched, 10–20-flowered, to 6 cm.

extra-axillary, unbranched, 4–11-flowered, 4–15 cm.

Pedicels

1–1.5 cm in flower, erect and 1.5–2.5 cm in fruit.

0.5–1 cm in flower, 1.5–2.5 cm in fruit.

Flowers

radially symmetric;

calyx slightly accrescent, unarmed, 4–8 mm, sparsely to moderately pubescent with unbranched, gland-tipped hairs, lobes lanceolate;

corolla white, stellate, 2–3 cm diam., with sparse interpetalar tissue;

stamens equal;

anthers narrow and tapered, 6–9 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores;

ovary glabrous or glandular-puberulent at apex.

radially symmetric;

calyx accrescent, moderately prickly, 6–9 mm, densely pubescent, hairs simple or sessile and stellate, glandular and eglandular, lobes subtending to almost completely and loosely covering fruit at maturity, deltate;

corolla white or pale blue, rotate-pentagonal, 2–3 cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue;

stamens equal or nearly so;

anthers narrow and tapered, 8–10 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores;

ovary glabrous to sparsely glandular-pubescent.

Berries

green to yellow, globose, 1–1.5 cm diam., glabrous, without sclerotic granules.

bright red, globose, 1–2 cm diam., glabrous to sparsely glandular-pubescent, juicy, without sclerotic granules.

Seeds

light brown, flattened, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, minutely pitted.

pale yellow, plump, 3–3.5 × 2–3 mm, minutely pitted.

2n

= 24.

= 24.

Solanum torvum

Solanum sisymbriifolium

Phenology Flowering year-round in frost-free areas. Flowering Feb–Oct.
Habitat Disturbed sites. Disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; South America (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela) [Introduced in Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AZ; CA; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MS; NC; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TX; VA; ON; South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, Central America (Costa Rica), nw South America, Europe, Asia (China, India), Africa]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Solanum torvum is listed by the United States federal government and several states as a noxious weed. It is occasional to rare in peninsular Florida and could possibly become invasive elsewhere in subtropical climates. The green fruits are used in Asian and West Indian cuisine, often as an addition to soups and curries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The bright red fruits of Solanum sisymbriifolium are edible, and the plants are used in pest control and as a nematode and beetle trap in Europe and the United Kingdom; however, cultivation of this species should be discouraged due to its invasive potential. Reports of this species from Oregon are old; it is not naturalized there.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Solanaceae > Solanum Solanaceae > Solanum
Sibling taxa
S. americanum, S. aviculare, S. bahamense, S. campechiense, S. capsicoides, S. carolinense, S. chenopodioides, S. citrullifolium, S. cordicitum, S. davisense, S. deflexum, S. dimidiatum, S. diphyllum, S. donianum, S. douglasii, S. dulcamara, S. elaeagnifolium, S. emulans, S. erianthum, S. furcatum, S. hindsianum, S. interius, S. jamaicense, S. jamesii, S. laciniatum, S. lanceolatum, S. lumholtzianum, S. lycopersicum, S. marginatum, S. mauritianum, S. nigrescens, S. nigrum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. novomexicanum, S. perplexum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. pseudogracile, S. pumilum, S. rostratum, S. sarrachoides, S. seaforthianum, S. setigeroides, S. sisymbriifolium, S. stoloniferum, S. tampicense, S. tenuipes, S. triflorum, S. triquetrum, S. umbelliferum, S. viarum, S. wallacei
S. americanum, S. aviculare, S. bahamense, S. campechiense, S. capsicoides, S. carolinense, S. chenopodioides, S. citrullifolium, S. cordicitum, S. davisense, S. deflexum, S. dimidiatum, S. diphyllum, S. donianum, S. douglasii, S. dulcamara, S. elaeagnifolium, S. emulans, S. erianthum, S. furcatum, S. hindsianum, S. interius, S. jamaicense, S. jamesii, S. laciniatum, S. lanceolatum, S. lumholtzianum, S. lycopersicum, S. marginatum, S. mauritianum, S. nigrescens, S. nigrum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. novomexicanum, S. perplexum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. pseudogracile, S. pumilum, S. rostratum, S. sarrachoides, S. seaforthianum, S. setigeroides, S. stoloniferum, S. tampicense, S. tenuipes, S. torvum, S. triflorum, S. triquetrum, S. umbelliferum, S. viarum, S. wallacei
Name authority Swartz: Prodr., 47. (1788) — name proposed for conservation Lamarck: Tabl. Encycl. 2: 25. (1794) — (as sisymbrifolium)
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